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Carbon
Symbol: C
Atomic Number: 6
Atomic Weight: 12.011
Element Classification: Non-Metal
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Discovery Date: n/a (Unknown)
Name Origin: Latin: carbo, (charcoal).
Density (g/cc): 2.25 (graphite)
Melting Point (°K): 3820
Boiling Point (°K): 5100
Appearance: Dense, Black
Atomic Radius (pm): 91
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 5.3
Covalent Radius (pm): 77
Ionic Radius: 16 (+4e) 260 (-4e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.711
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): n/a
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): n/a
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 1860.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.55
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 1085.7
Oxidation States: 4, 2, -4
Electronic Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p2
Lattice Structure: Diagonal (DIA)
Lattice Constant (Å): 3.570
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Mineral hardness [no units]: 0.5 (graphite; diamond is 10.0)