Alphabetical Index
Browse by Elements
Keyword Search
ASTM Electrolytes
Macro Etchants
Micro Etchants
Named Etchants
New Etchants
Al and Al Alloys
Cu and Cu Alloys
Fe and Fe Alloys
Ni and Ni Alloys
Carbide Etchants
Fluoride Etchants
Nitride Etchants
Other Etchants
Oxide Etchants
Phosphide Etchants
Single Crystal Etchants
Thin Film Etchants
Wafer Etchants
Help
Home
Antimony
Symbol: Sb
Atomic Number: 51
Atomic Weight: 121.760
Element Classification: Semimetallic
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Discovery Date: n/a (Unknown)
Name Origin: Greek: anti and monos (not alone); symbol from mineral stibnite.
Density (g/cc): 6.691
Melting Point (°K): 903.9
Boiling Point (°K): 1908
Appearance: Hard, silvery-white, brittle semimetal
Atomic Radius (pm): 159
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 18.4
Covalent Radius (pm): 140
Ionic Radius: 62 (+6e) 245 (-3)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.205
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 20.08
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 195.2
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 200.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.05
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 833.3
Oxidation States: 5, 3, -2
Electronic Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Lattice Structure: Rhombohedral (RHL)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.510
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Mineral Hardness [no units]: 3.0
Brinell Hardness [/MN m-2]: 294
Note: Pure antimony is quite brittle, but alloys containing Sb are more common. Due to their low melting points, and low recrystallization
temperatures, cold setting resins are usually recommended as recrystallization may occur during hot compression mounting.
Heating of surfaces during grinding must be minimized. Grinding of these metals is always difficult, as SiC particles tend to embed
heavily. Many authors have recommended coating the SiC paper surface with bees wax, but this does not solve the problem.
Embedding is most common with the finer grit size papers. Diamond is not a very effective abrasive with these metals. Alumina
works quite well.