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LiNbO3 - Dislocation etching

Material Name: LiNbO3
Recipe No.: 10201
Primary Chemical Element in Material: Li
Sample Type: Bulk
Uses: Etching
Etchant Name: None
Type (Macro/Micro): Micro
Etching Method: Dislocation etching
Etchant (Electrolyte) Composition: 1 part HF, 2 parts HNO3.
Note: (0001) (1010) (1120)
Procedure (Condition):  Use boiling (110 C), 10 min etch reveals negative domains on (0001), 1 h etch reveals pits in positive domains on (0001) and other planes. Nassau and coworkers.
Reference: Vander Voort, Metallography Principles and Practice, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1984, p. 723.