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316, 317 LMN, 254 SMO, 904L Steels
Steel name: 316, 317 LMN, 254 SMO, 904L
Diagram No.: 5183
Type of diagram: TTT
AISI/SAE designation: 316, 317 LMN, 254 SMO, 904L
Chemical composition in weight %:
316 steel: 0.03, 16.0–18.0% Cr, 2.00–3.00% Mo, 10.0–14.0% Ni, 0.10% N
LMN steel: 0.03% C, 17% Cr, 4.5% Mo, 14% Ni, 0.15% N
SMO steel: 0.03% C, 20% Cr, 6% Mo, 18% Ni, 0.20% N
L steel: 0.02% C, 20% Cr, 4.55% Mo, 25% Ni
Steel group: Austenitic stainless steels
Note: TTT diagram for several commercial austenitic stainless steels with different molybdenum and nitrogen contents.
As chromium and molybdenum increase to very high
levels in the most highly alloyed HPASS, intermetallic
phases form at even shorter times. Nitrogen additions
are helpful, but even very high nitrogen contents
of 0.20-0.50% N are not able to shift the onset of
precipitation to times in the desired range of ten
minutes or more. Figure shows representative TTT
curves of several alloys to illustrate this point. Type
317 LMN, (17% Cr, 14% Ni, 4.5% Mo, 0.15% N) forms
secondary phases in about the same time as 316 despite
its higher alloy content, due to the effect of nitrogen.
Alloy 254 SMO (20% Cr, 18% Ni, 6% Mo,
0.20% N), begins to suffer precipitation in about 30
seconds, and alloy 904L (20% Cr, 25% Ni, 4.55% Mo,
no nitrogen addition) suffers intermetallic phase formation
in less than one minute. Clearly, alloys
of this kind require limitations on section size or
drastic cooling to avoid secondary phase formation.
Reference: Not shown in this demo version.
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Disclaimer: The information and data presented herein are typical or average values and are not a guarantee of maximum or minimum values. Applications specifically suggested for material described herein are made solely for the purpose of illustration to enable the reader to make his own evaluation and are not intended as warranties, either express or implied, of fitness for these or other puposes. There is no representation that the recipient of this literature will receive updated editions as the become available.