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0.05C-17Cr-13Ni-5Mo-0.039N Steel
Steel name: 0.05C-17Cr-13Ni-5Mo-0.039N
Diagram No.: 5182
Type of diagram: TTT
Chemical composition in weight %: 0.05% C, 17% Cr, 5% Mo, 13% Ni, 0.039% N
Steel group: Austenitic stainless steels
Note: With HPASS, precipitation of sigma and chi phases is
of greater concern than chromium carbide, because
the high chromium and molybdenum content in the
alloys promotes rapid formation of these phases. All
HPASS have low carbon content, which minimizes the
rate of chromium carbide formation and reduces
concern for chromium carbide sensitization. A TTT
diagram for Type 316 stainless containing 2% Mo and
a fairly high carbon content (Figure), shows that
chromium carbide can form in as little as five
minutes, but chi and sigma phases only form after
80 hours or so. In contrast, an alloy having similar
chromium and nickel content, but containing 5% Mo,
suffers chi formation in very short times (Figure).
The time for chi formation in the 5% Mo alloy is even
shorter than that for chromium carbide formation.
As briefly noted earlier, nitrogen delays the formation
of these phases, and is employed for this purpose in
many HPASS. This effect is demonstrated in Figure 2.
In this figure, the 5% Mo alloy of Figure 1 is modified
with 0.145% N. The nitrogen addition pushes back
the onset of both chi and chromium carbide formation
to ten minutes, compared to two to four minutes
for the alloy containing only 0.039% N. The 0.145% N
alloy allows for slower cooling after annealing or
welding without the formation of secondary phases.
Reference: Not shown in this demo version.
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