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Palladium
Symbol: Pd
Atomic Number: 46
Atomic Weight: 106.42
Element Classification: Transition Metal
Discovered By: William Wollaston
Discovery Date: 1803 (England)
Name Origin: Named after the asteroid, Pallas, discovered in 1803.
Density (g/cc): 12.02
Melting Point (°K): 1825
Boiling Point (°K): 3413
Appearance: Silvery-white, soft, malleable and ductile metal
Atomic Radius (pm): 137
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 8.9
Covalent Radius (pm): 128
Ionic Radius: 65 (+4e) 80 (+2e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.244
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 17.24
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 372.4
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 275.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.20
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 803.5
Oxidation States: 4, 2, 0
Electronic Configuration: [Kr] 4d10
Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
Lattice Constant (Å): 3.890
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Mineral Hardness [no units]: 4.75
Brinell Hardness [/MN m-2]: 37.3
Vickers Hardness [/MN m-2]: 461
Note: Palladium is malleable and not as difficult to prepare as most of the precious metals. Relatively few metallographers work with
precious metals, other than those used in electronic devices.