Non-Metallic Inclusions in Steels - Indigenous Inclusions

Indigenous Inclusions

(Ce, La)S inclusion in TRIP steel
(Ce,La)S, (Al,Ce,La)2O3 inclusions in C-Mn-Si steel with Nb and Ti
(Cr,Ti)(C,N) inclusions in ferrochromium
(Fe, Mn)S, Al2O3, Ce2O3 inclusions in cast hot work tool steel
(Fe,Mn)S inclusions found in a grain oriented electrical steel slab
(Fe,Mn)S inclusions in ASTM A504 rail steel
(Mg, Mn)S particle in hot metal sample
(Mn, Cr)S in different steel types
(Mn, Cr, RE)-oxysulfides in 25% Cr duplex stainless steel
(Mn,Cu)S, Cu2S inclusions in low carbon steel
(Mn,Fe)S inclusions in 1.0715 steel
(Mn,La)S inclusions in ASTM A216 steel
(Mn0.9Ti0.1)S, (Ce, La)S, (Al, Ce, La)2O3, Ti(C,N) inclusions in C–Mn–Si steel
(Nb,Ti)(C,N), CuS inclusions in HSLA and HR TRIP 800 steels
(Si,Ca,Mn,Al)O, (Si,Ca,Al)O, (Si,Mn)O, (Si,Ca,Al)O, (Si,Ca,Mg)O inclusions in tire cord steel
(Ti, Ca)-oxide in 409L stainless steel
(Ti,Ca)-oxides and Ti-nitrides in 409L stainless steels I
(Ti,Ca)-oxides and Ti-nitrides in 409L stainless steels II
(Ti,Cr)2O3, Ti-Si-Cr-(Al-Mn-O), MgAl2O4-TiOx, TiN inclusions in ferritic stainless steel
(Ti,Mn,Si,Mg)O, (Ce,Ti)x and TiN, Al2O3, (Al,Mg)O+(Ti,Nb)C+MnS, MnS inclusions in steel
25MnCrSiVB6 steel
280M and 280R steels
2Al2O3-MgO-CaS inclusion in structural steel
2D diffraction image and XRD patterns of macro-inclusions in steel ingot wth 0.3% C
316Ca and 316R steels
3D MnS inclusions in 42CrMo4 steel
3D non-metallic inclusion morphology observed in deep etched steels
A MnO/TiO2/Al2O3 complex inclusion in SUS 304 stainless steel
A SEM image of a fatigue crack initiating aluminium oxide inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a fatigue crack initiating aluminium oxide inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a typical cracked globular calcium aluminate inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a typical cracked globular calcium aluminate inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a typical large cracked globular calcium aluminate inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a typical large cracked globular calcium aluminate inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A SEM image of a typical large cracked globular calcium aluminate inclusion on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A backscattering SEM image of a typical large globular calcium aluminate inclusion with magnesia encapsulated in calcium sulfide on the fracture surface of a fatigue specimen
A bend test failure caused by the presence of the manganese sulfides
A cluster of aluminate inclusions in as-cast P20 tool steel
A cluster partially built up by dendrites in tundish and clusters from clogging material
A comparison between silica in similar inclusions from a steel ingot (isolate) and a rolled steel sheet (in situ)
A globular calcium aluminate inclusion with magnesia encapsulated in calcium sulfide
A globular calcium aluminate inclusion with magnesia encapsulated in calcium sulfide, polished microsection of cast
A large faceted and a number of small spherical aluminium oxide particles on top of a polycarbonate membrane
A typical calcium aluminate inclusion surrounded with a CaS ring observed in a high carbon Si killed low aluminum steel
A typical partial modified Al2O3 inclusion in Ca treated Al-killed steels
A typical topography of Al2O3 inclusions in steel
Absorption of non-metallic inclusions by steelmaking slags
Accicular aluminate crystals in a light-grey matrix
Advanced SEM methodology for tracking reoxidation in the tundish
Agglomeration of round silica inclusions
Agglomeration of silica inclusions in an 80-kg ingot
Agglomeration of small polyhedral particles may lead to the formation of large aggregates and, after sintering, to large polyhedra in steels
Aggregates of Al2O3 inclusions in steel
Al Ca and Zr distributions in an inclusion of a sample extracted from a liquid pool deoxidized with "hypercal"
Al inclusions observed after Ti alloying
Al oxide, Ti-Al oxide, TiN, Al-Mg oxide inclusions in low carbon steel
Al(C,N), Ti(C,N), MnS inclusions in TWIP steel
Al, Ca and Ce distribution in an inclusion of a sample extracted from the liquid pool by a quartz tube containing a RE-wire
Al, Ca, Ce and La distributions in a liquid pool CaSi deoxidized
Al, Ca, Mg and Si oxides in tool steel
Al, Ca, Si, Mn, O and S inclusions in HSLA steel
Al-Ca inclusion in carbon steel (rotative bending)
Al-Ca oxide inclusion in line pipe steel
Al-Ca oxide inclusion in line pipe steel
Al-Si-Ca-Mn-Fe inclusion in ASTM A36 steel
Al-oxide and Y-oxide inclusions in SOC-9 and SOC-14 steels
Al-rich inclusion in the facture surface of JIS S10C steel
Al-rich oxides and titanium nitrides in IF steels
Al-silicate inclusion in 4340 ESR ingot
Al203-CaS inclusion in carbon steel
Al2O3 + MnS + TiN inclusions in low alloy steel I
Al2O3 + MnS + TiN inclusions in low alloy steel II
Al2O3 and TiN inclusions in spring steel
Al2O3 cluster inclusions in LCAK steel
Al2O3 cluster inside of bubble in ultra low carbon steel
Al2O3 clusters in steel
Al2O3 dendrite in steel
Al2O3 in aluminium killed steel
Al2O3 inclusion in LCAK steel
Al2O3 inclusions in PM JIS-SUJ2 steel
Al2O3 inclusions in molten Fe-Al alloy
Al2O3 inclusions in molten iron
Al2O3 particle in microstructure of steel sample
Al2O3 x CaO inclusions in laboratory test steel samples
Al2O3 x MgO x CaO inclusions in 42CrMoVNb steel
Al2O3 x MgO x CaO inclusions in pipeline steel
Al2O3, Al2O3 x CaO inclusions in 316LC stainless steel
Al2O3, Al2O3 x MgO, CaO inclusions in steel
Al2O3, Al2O3 x MgO, MnS inclusions in C45 steel
Al2O3, Al2O3-CaO and complex inclusion in slabs
Al2O3, Al2O3–MgO–SiO2 inclusions in elytrolytic iron
Al2O3, Al2TiO5, and Ti3O5 inclusions in Fe–Al–Ti steels
Al2O3, CaO, MgO and SiO2 inclusions in 42CrMo4 steel
Al2O3, CaS, CaAlO3 inclusions in X-65 pipeline steel
Al2O3, MgO, MnS and CaS inclusions in SFVQ1A steel
Al2O3, MnS and CaO x Al2O3 particles seen in microstructure of steel sample
Al2O3, MnS inclusions in 440 MPa-class plain carbon steel
Al2O3, MnS inclusions in S235 steel
Al2O3, MnS, CA inclusions in ultra low carbon steel
Al2O3, MnS, CaO x Al2O3 inclusions in steel for cold sheets
Al2O3-CaO and CaS-MnS inclusions in weathering steel
Al2O3-CaO, (Mn,Ca)S, MnS, CaS inclusions in carburising steel
Al2O3-CaS inclusion in steel with low and high sulfur
Al2O3-CaS-MgAl2O4 inclusions in electrical steel
Al2O3-MgO inclusionin steel
Al2O3-MgO inclusionin steel
Al2O3-MgO, MnS, TiN inclusions in GCr15 steel
Al2O3-MnO-MnS inclusion in bearing steel
Al2O3-MnS inclusion in structural steel
Al2O3-MnS inclusions in 1.1201, 1.7139, 1.7225 steels
Al2O3-TiN, Al2O3-TiN-Ti2O3 inclusions in Ti-alloyed Al-killed steel grade
Al2O3–SiO2–CaO–MnO–MgO–FeO inclusions in silicon-killed SAE 1005 steel
AlCaO, TiN inclusions in 100Cr6 steel
AlN in 2000 MPa grade spring steel
AlN in ultra low carbon steel
AlN inclusions in austenitic stainless steel
AlN inclusions in steel
AlN inclusions in weld, high aluminium E7O-T4
AlN inclusions in weld, high aluminium E7O-T4
AlN nitrides in TRIP steel sheet
AlN with Fe-rich areas in in weld, high aluminium E7O-T4
AlN, MnS inclusions in high Mn TWIP steels
Alpha-Al2O3 (corundum) inclusions in Al deoxidized ESR ingots
Alumina and alumina-calcia inclusions 316LC stainless steel
Alumina and galaxite inclusions in A529 ladle steel specimen
Alumina and sulfide inclusions in 1.0301 steel
Alumina and sulfide inclusions in 1.1191 steel
Alumina clogging deposits in Ti-alloyed ultra-low carbon steel
Alumina cluster arranged around the circumference of a former bubble in steel slab
Alumina cluster during deoxidation of low carbon steel by aluminum
Alumina cluster inclusions in pipeline steel
Alumina clusters in ultra low carbon steel
Alumina clusters sampled from the submerged nozzle area in the tundish
Alumina dendirite and alumina clusters from deoxidation
Alumina dendrites in A529 steel
Alumina galaxies associated with MnS II in an Al deoxidized ESR ingot
Alumina galaxies associated with MnS II in RII-I2 ESR ingot
Alumina inclusion in 16MnCr5 steel
Alumina inclusion in carbon steel
Alumina inclusion morphologies in steel
Alumina inclusions formed during the deoxidation of LCAK steel
Alumina inclusions formed during the deoxidation of LCAK steel
Alumina inclusions in 0.13C-0.28Si-1.41Mn steel
Alumina inclusions in 1.1191 steel
Alumina inclusions in 1.1191 steel
Alumina inclusions in 1018S steel
Alumina inclusions in X50CrMoV15 steel
Alumina inclusions in steel X20CrMoV11-1 steel
Alumina-Spinel-Lime/Alumina in SUJ2 steel
Aluminate inclusions in 100Cr6 steel
Aluminates in as-cast P20 tool steel
Aluminates in steel
Aluminates in weought P20 tool steel
Aluminium rich inclusion in 0.33C-0.29Si-1.49Mn steel
Aluminium nitride in Al killed steel
Aluminium nitride in Fe-Al alloy
Aluminium oxide inclusion in fracture surface of hydrogen charged tensile speciemen of AISI 10B22 steel
Aluminium oxide inclusions in 0.33C-0.29Si-1.49Mn steel
Al–Ti–O cluster in the specimen of 6 min after ferro-titanium alloy addition in ultra low carbon steel
An example of a non-metallic inclusions featured by an oxide core and a surrounding Sulfide crown in steel
An example of pure Al2O3 non metallic inclusions in steel
An example of some inclusions rich in SiO2 x 2CaO x Al2O3 (gehlenite) found after deoxidation through Al
Analysis of alumina clusters in ultra low carbon steel
Analysis of heats with no calcium addition in the ladle
Anorthite in silicate matrix
Anorthite, corundum and chromium-galaxite in glassy matrix of manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Applications to oxide metallurgy (inclusion control)
Aspex images of MnS, alumina, and CA inclusions in steel
Automated inclusion analysis for steel
Automated non-metallic inclusion analysis in LCAK steel
Automated non-metallic inclusion analysis in the three plants
Automatic SEM/EDS analysis of inclusions in 55SiCr6 steel
Automatic analysis of non-metallic inclusions in steel using SEM-EDS
Automatic classification sheme of inclusions - Oxford IncaSteel
BN in fracture surface of 9%Cr-Mo-Co-B steel(CB2)
BN inclusions in C45BN steel
BSE images of extracted inclusions from steel sample
Ba inclusions in steel
Back-scattered electron (BSE) micrograph of a manganese silicate inclusion in polished steel surface
Behavior of alumina inclusions just after deoxidation
Bismuth in the forged ingot of H13(+Bi) steel
Boride inclusions in X19CrMoVNbN11-1 steel
Boron nitride inclusions formed during the slow cooling heat treatment after a re-dissoluted boron nitride treatment of P122 steel
Boron nitride type inclusions observed at fractured surface of the P122 steel
Bright field TEM image taken from a typical inclusion in MMA weld material
CRM 035-2 certified reference material for non-metallic inclusions in steel
CRM 059-2 certified reference material for non-metallic inclusions in steel
Ca inclusion steel
Ca inclusions in Ca treated steel
Ca inclusions in aluminum killed steels (LCAK)
Ca inclusions in calcium-modified weathering steel
Ca inclusions in steel
Ca macro inclusion in ABNT 4133 modified steel (API 5CT)
Ca treatment stages
CaO x Al2O3 inclusions - Automatic SEM/EDS analysis
CaO-Al2O3-CaS inclusion in steel
CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2, MnS, ZrO2 inclusions - electrolytic extraction
CaO·2Al2O3 + MgO, CaO·6Al2O3 + MgO inclusions in 22GYu, 10G2FB, 09GSF steels
CaS and MnS inclusions in steel
CaS, MnS inclusions in carbon steel
CaS, MnS, Al2O3, SiO2, Al2O3-SiO2, Al2O3-MgO, Al2O3-CaO, Na-K inclusions in medium carbon steel
CaS-CaO inclusion in structural steel
Calcium aluminate - Wedge displacement in the steel matrix
Calcium aluminate and galaxite in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate and manganese sulfide in the resulphurised steel
Calcium aluminate and spinel in a silicate matrix
Calcium aluminate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate in A529 steel
Calcium aluminate in A529 steel
Calcium aluminate inclusion in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate inclusions with superficial layer of CaS in SAE 1015 steel
Calcium aluminate surrounded by a scale of calcium sulfide
Calcium aluminate with CaS ring in steel
Calcium aluminate with high silica content in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminate, spinel and iron oxide
Calcium aluminate-sulfide inclusion in constructional steel
Calcium aluminate/calcium sulfide interfaces of inclusions in CaSi deozidized ESR ingots
Calcium aluminates in steel
Calcium aluminosilicate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminosilicate in A529 steel
Calcium silicate and corundum in 1018S steel
Calcium silicate in 1018S steel
Calcium silicate in A529 steel
Calcium silicate in burnt dolomite bricks
Calcium silicate in magnesite bricks
Calcium sulfide and aluminium oxide inclusions in 51CrV4 spring steel
Calcium-aluminate inclusion from a heavily Al-deoxidized ESR ingot
Calcium-aluminate inclusion in fracture surface of 51CrV4 steel
Calcium-aluminate inclusions in UNS G92600 spring steel
Calcium-treated inclusions in aluminium-killed low carbon steel
Carbonitride inlusions in high-Cr ferritic stainless steels
Carbonitride, nitride, sulfide and oxide inclusions in high-Cr ferritic stainless steels
Ce inclusions in H13 tool steel
Ce2S3, MnS, Ce2O3, CeO, Fe3O4 inclusions in SS400 steel
CeAlO3, Ce2SiO5 inclusions in X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 steel
Change of morphology of MnS in the Fe-Ni-Mn alloy
Chrome-titanium carbonitrides, manganese Sulfides and aluminium oxides in ferrochromium alloy
Chromite
Chromite inclusion in Ni-Cr-Mo steel
Chromium galaxite
Chromium galaxite
Chromium galaxite
Chromium galaxite
Chromium galaxite in maganese-chromium sulfide
Chromium galaxite in manganese oxide-chromia-silica
Chromium galaxite, tridymite and manganese sulfide
Classification of MnS inclusions - 3D method
Classification of MnS inclusions in steel
Clogging inclusions
Cluster of octahedral spinel crystals and hercynite-galaxite inclusions in steel
Cluster of particles in hot metal sample
Clustered alumina inclusion in Al-killed steel
Clustering of alumina inclusions in liquid steel
Clustering of alumina inclusions in molten iron
Coarse size boron nitride inclusions under various heat treatments of the P122 steel
Cold crucible remelting (CCR) method for assessment of inclusions in steels
Comparative characteristics of different non-metallic inclusions in steels
Comparison of 2D investigation and 3D investigation of NMI
Comparison of inclusions between ingot casted and ESR/PESR remelted common martensitic stainless steel
Complex Ca-Mg silicates Cast and wrought steels
Complex Mg inclusion in steel
Complex NMI in low alloy steel I
Complex NMI in low alloy steel II
Complex inclusion Al2O3-(Mn,Fe)S in cast steel
Complex inclusion containing in ferromanganese
Complex inclusion in 409L stainless steels III
Complex inclusion in 51CrV4 spring steel
Complex inclusion in 51CrV4 spring steel
Complex inclusion in AISI 316 L stainless steel
Complex inclusion in a longitudial section from steel
Complex inclusion in steel
Complex inclusion in steel 1.2375
Complex inclusion in type 316L stainless steel
Complex inclusions in AISI 4335 steel
Complex inclusions in C-Mn-B steel
Complex inclusions in Ca-added steel
Complex inclusions in FV520B steel
Complex inclusions in austenitic stainless steel
Complex inclusions in grades X52, X65 and X70 steels
Complex inclusions in low carbon steel strip
Complex inclusions in runner samples
Complex iron-titanium oxide in Ni-Cr-Mo steel
Complex multiphase inclusion in armor steel
Complex non-metallic inclusion with Se in non-oriented electrical steel sheet
Complex oxide in API X70 linepipe steel
Complex oxysulfides in Ca-treated AISI 1035 steel
Composite of light photomicrographs showing Type II MnS inclusions and Al2O3 inclusion clusters in steel
Composition maps from an inclusion extracted from a liquid pool deoxidized with "hypercal"
Composition profiles and maps of an inclusion in a sample extracted from a (ESR) liquid pool deoxidized with "hypercal"
Conspicuous mixed inclusion in 16MnCr5 steel
Control and modification of MnS inclusions
Copper–selenides and and complex inclusions that contain copper–selenides in non-oriented electrical steel
Corundom and Mg-spinel
Corundum and spessartite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Corundum as single-phase inclusion particles
Corundum in glassy matrix of manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Corundum in manganese aluminosilicate matrix and calcium aluminate matrix of 1018S and A529 steels
Corundum inclusion in ferroalloy
Corundum with Cr2O3 in solid solution
Corundum, galaxite and mullite inclusions in the crankshaft
Cr2N and Nb(C,N) inclusions in 9Cr-1Mo steel
Cr2N in Cr-Mn steel I
Cr2N in Cr-Mn steel II
Cr2N in Cr-Mn steel III
Cr2N nitrides in HAZ weld steel
Crack initiated from an internal inclusions in 60Si2CrV steel
Crack initiation at maganese sulphide (MnS) inclusions in bearing steel
Crack initiation from a surface inclusion, and non-propagation behaviour
Cristobalite in manganese oxide-chromia-silica
Cristobalite in manganese-silicate
Cristobalite in matrix of rhodonite and rhodonite in glassy matrix of manganese oxide-alumina-silica, surrounded by sulfide scale
Cross section of Japanese sword
Cu-sulfides in Ti-added steel
Cu2-xS nano inclusions in steel
Deep-etching of the type II sulfides in as-cast specimen
Deformation behavior of inclusions in AISI 304 stainless steel
Deformation behaviour on MnS and Oxy-sulphides inclusions
Dendrites and dendritic clusters in ladle, tundish and slab
Dendritic Al2O3 inclusion in steel
Dendritic and clustered alumina inclusion in pure iron
Description of sampling procedures evaluated for characterization of inclusionary material in steel
Detection of NMI in steel by CT
Detection of boron nitrides in creep resistant steels (CB2A, CB2 and NPM1)
Detection of non-metallic inclusions in steels with CT I
Detection of non-metallic inclusions in steels with CT II
Detection of non-metallic inclusions in steels with CT III
Development of 5 cracks, a, b, c, d and e in X-65 steel
Different inclusion types (all galaxite) in steel
Different inclusions in structural steel I
Different inclusions in structural steel II
Different inclusions in type 303, 304 and 321 stainless steels
Different types of 'scales' of MnS around silicate inclusions
Different types of inclusions in rolled steel
Distribution of Sn along/around sulfide particles in steel with Sn and Cu
Distribution of TiN in ultra high strength steel
Distribution of non-metallic inclusions in a continuous cast 16MnCr5 steel
Duplex inclusion in 1018S steel
Duplex inclusion in 1018S steel
Duplex inclusions in 21% Cr ferritic stainless steel
Duplex inclusions in 21% Cr ferritic stainless steel
Duplex oxide–sulfide and shell-like copper sulfide in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Duplex oxy-sulfide, pure MnS and pure Al2O3 in high-sulphur tool steel ingot
E 45 C and D oxides in steel
EBSD analysis of acicular ferrite with inclusion in steel
EDS X-ray maps of class A and class B inclusions in steel
EDS analyses of steel-refractory interaction layer in the steel runner
EDS line scanning of transferring CaO–MgO–Al2O3 system inclusions in steel
EDS-Mappings of the first kind of CaO–Al2O3–MgO system typical inclusions in steel
EDS-Mappings of the second kind of CaO–Al2O3–MgO system inclusions in steel
EPMA analysis of inclusion stringers in failed extrusion press
Early stage of inclusion growth in steel
Effect Te on the morphology of alumina particles in liquid steel
Effect of Al content on oxide inclusions in as-cast low carbon steel
Effect of Te on the formation of MnS inclusions in steel
Effect of Ti content on oxide inclusions in as-cast Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel
Effect of calcium treatment on mechanical properties
Effect of calcium treatment on non-metallic inclusions
Effect of cooling rate on oxide inclusions in as-cast Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel
Effect of inclusions on creation and linking of voids during deformation
Effect of oxygen content on oxide inclusions in as cast Zr treated low and ultra low carbon steel
Electrolytic extraction method for the non-metallic inclusions in steel
Element mapping of a complex oxy-sulfide inclusion in steel
Endogenous inclusions in steel
Ends of dendrite tips frequently consist of apparently agglomerated particles, which form larger and faceted particles due to sintering
Enstatite in nodular cast iron
Escolaite and cristobalite in different types of inclusions
Escolaite in cristobalite
Escolaite in ferrochromium
Estimation of size for sulfide by 2D and 3D investigation
Evolution of non-metallic inclusions
Example of TiN formed in the interdendrite spacings in steel
Example of a complex oxide micro-inclusions formed due to deoxidation/reoxidation
Example of an anorthite inclusion found in a steel at the end of the LF treatment
Example of fractured strips of non-metallic inclusions in steel
Example of inclusion with alumina core and surrounding (Mn,Cr)-Sulfide phase in steel
Example of non-metallic TiN inclusions in steel
Example of strongly elongated non-metallic inclusions in steel
Examples of classified inclusion morphologies in different steel samples
Examples of different inclusions in steel
Examples of faceted Al2O3 inclusion in steel
Examples of inclusions in steel samples
Exemplary SEM-images of detected Al2O3 particles on the analysed sample area
Extraction of fine inclusion particles in steel
FE-SEM image of the autoradiograph around Al2O3 and Cr carbide inclusions
FE-SEM image of the autoradiograph around MnS inclusion
FGA formation mechanism of bearing steel in rotating bending fatigue test
Faceted and plate-like inclusions in LCSAK steel clusters
Facets have occasionally been observed on spherical inclusions larger than the average size in LCSAK steel
Factors influencing the clustering of alumina inclusions
Failed sample of the hot extruded steel with crack developed along the extrusion axis
Fatigue fracture initiated by non-metallic inclusion in PM cold work tool steel
FeS - hot shortness in the steel
FeTiP non-metallic inclusions
Finely crystallized calcium aluminate matrix with calcium-manganese sulfide
Fraction of morphologies and the size distribution of inclusions in different steel samples
Fractions of the number of inclusions with BaO at various process steps
Fracture method for assessment of inclusions in steels
Fracture surface after tensile test with the bar-shaped MnS inclusions
Fractures in MnS inclusion in the rolled steel
Galaxite and chromium galaxite in 1018S steel
Galaxite and corundum in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Galaxite dendrites envelop a sphere, and are explained by formation from liquid oxide inclusions due to atmospheric oxidation
Galaxite in A529 steel
Galaxite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Galaxite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Generation of immiscibility gap in alumina-chromia crystals
Glassy Al2O3 (globular) inclusions found in 1018S furnace tap steel sample
Glassy Al2O3 (plate) inclusions found in 1018S ladle steel sample
Glassy cacium aluminate matrix with spinel
Glassy calcium silicate in austenitic stainless steel
Glassy complex aluminates in steel
Glassy inclusion in austenitic stainless steel
Growth form of corundum and equilibrium form of corundum in steel
Growth of inclusions during secondary metallurgy in steels
HT-XRD scans of aluminium oxide inclusions extracted from the LCAK steel samples
Hercynite in oxide scale
Hercynite, aluminium oxide and galaxite in steels
Highly deformable MnS inclusion and non-deformable calcium aliminate inclusion
Hot shortness of the rolled billet
How clean is your steel?
Hydrogen concentration around a MnS inclusion in X-65 pipeline steel
Hydrogen permeation estimated by hmt in carbon steel exposed to gaseous hydrogen
IGF nucleation at the (gamma/I) interface in Ti–oxide inclusions at 750°C in the TiO steel and in MnS inclusion at 740°C in the MnS steel
Image of typical macro reoxidation inclusion in cast steel
Images from the confocal scanning laser microscope, showing the growth of alumina inclusions
Images of CaO x 2Al2O3 inclusions recorded with the CSLM
Images of alumina inclusions recorded with the CSLM
Images of spinel inclusions recorded with the CSLM
In-situ observation non-metallic inclusions in Ti-killed C-Mn steel
Incluions in fracture surface of Cr-Mo-V-B steel
Inclusion classes in calcium treated steels
Inclusion clusters in fracture surface of 0.05C-1.25Mn-0.2Si-0.1Cr steel
Inclusion extraction methods
Inclusion in SAE 1005 steel
Inclusion in SAE 1010 steel
Inclusion in acicular ferrite of weld metal
Inclusion of FeO
Inclusion particles obtained at 1 s after the aluminum deoxidation I
Inclusion particles obtained at 1 s after the aluminum deoxidation II
Inclusion particles obtained at 1 s after the aluminum deoxidation III
Inclusion particles obtained at 1 s after the aluminum deoxidation IV
Inclusion particles obtained at 1 s after the aluminum deoxidation V
Inclusion size and its distribution obtained by the inclusion extraction technique for the Tundish samples
Inclusion types given by REM additions to construction steels
Inclusion types given by REM additions to high-carbon steels
Inclusions after heating exhibit a sintered structure in contrast to original particles
Inclusions and fracture mechanics
Inclusions before and after ESR process
Inclusions evolution in Fe–0.1C–1.5Mn–0.1Si–xTi–0.005O–0.007S steel
Inclusions extracted from a Ca-Si-deoxidized ESR ingot by the iodine-methyl acetate-methyl alcohol method I
Inclusions extracted from a Ca-Si-deoxidized ESR ingot by the iodine-methyl acetate-methyl alcohol method II
Inclusions from tundish samples, aggregate and dendritic growth on polyhedral
Inclusions in DP-Type and TRIP-Type cold rolled steel sheet
Inclusions in DP-Type and TRIP-Type cold rolled steel sheet II
Inclusions in 10G2FB low-alloy high strength steel
Inclusions in 3CR12 steel
Inclusions in 4140 steel
Inclusions in 42CrMo steel
Inclusions in AISI 1536 steel
Inclusions in AISI H13 steel
Inclusions in Ca-modified weathering steel
Inclusions in Cu bearing duplex stainless steel
Inclusions in Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-0.9C-0.5Mo steel
Inclusions in Fe–Al–Ti–O melt
Inclusions in Fe–Al–Ti–O melt
Inclusions in MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 system at OLR and LF-IN
Inclusions in SAE 1010 and 1005 steels
Inclusions in SAE 1141 steel
Inclusions in SUJ2 steel
Inclusions in SUS304 stainless steel
Inclusions in basic metal weld deposits with the different level of oxygen
Inclusions in carbon steels
Inclusions in case carburising steels
Inclusions in farcture surface of cast steel
Inclusions in fatique fracture surfaces
Inclusions in high strength cast steel
Inclusions in low alloy steel (An autoradiographic technique for studying the segregation of hydrogen absorbed into steels)
Inclusions in low carbon AISI 316 nuclear grade stainless steel
Inclusions in low carbon free cutting steels
Inclusions in low carbon steel with Ce and As
Inclusions in steel treated with the bismuth
Inclusions in sword blade from Chiusi
Inclusions in type 444 stainless steel
Inclusions in water atomized metal powder-oxides
Inclusions in water atomized metal powder-oxides
Inclusions in water atomized metal powder-oxysulfides
Inclusions in water atomized metal powder-sulfide
Inclusions in water atomized metal powder-sulfide
Inclusions in weld steel for arctic II
Inclusions in weld steel for arctic III
Inclusions of low-aluminum weld (E71T-8)
Inclusions with a deformability index v>1
Indigenous and exogenous inclusions in steel
Indogenous slag in a Roman nail
Indogenous slag in wrought iron
Influence of Delta-phase on the formation of boron nitride type inclusions in P122 steels
Influence of inclusions modification on nozzle clogging
Influence of non-metallic inclusions on the fatigue properties of steel
Influence of non-metallicinclusions in super-finish wire cutting
Influence of oxygen content in the morphology of MnS inclusions in as-cast low carbon steels
Influence of remelting, hot working and heat treatment on the formation of boron nitride inclusions in P122 steel
Influence of temperature on size and neck growth of the constituent particles of alumina clusters in induction-stirred baths
Influence of the cooling rate on the formation of boron nitride inclusions in P122 steel
Influence of the rolling direction on the shape of boron nitride inclusion groups in P122 steel
Iron phospide in pearlitic grey cast iron
Low quartz and tridymite in 1018S steel
Low quartz in 1018S steel
Macro MnS inclusions in 100CrMo7 bearing steel
Macro and micro inclusion population on the same specimen
Macro inclusion atlas
Macro inclusion in carbon steel casting
Macro inclusions in 42CrMoS4 steel
Macro non-metallic inclusions in steel slab
Macro-inclusions in steel ingot wth 0.3% C
Macroscopic steps at plate-like inclusions in steels
Manganese selenides in type 303Se stainless steel
Manganese silicates and globular oxides in steel
Manganese silicates in low carbon Si-killed steel
Manganese sulfide and titanium carbonitride in steel
Manganese sulfide in 1018S steel
Manganese sulfide in 1018S steel
Manganese sulfide in A529 steel
Manganese sulfide in A529 steel
Manganese sulfide in A529 steel
Manganese sulfide in RWCHM stainless steel
Manganese sulfide in free-machining steel
Manganese sulfide in type 303 stainless steel
Manganese sulfide in type 304 stainless steel
Manganese sulfide in type 316F stainless steel
Manganese sulfide inclusions coated with metallic lead in free-machining steel
Manganese sulfide inclusions in 0.37C-0.56Si-1.45Mn steel
Manganese sulfide inclusions in broken steel part
Manganese sulfide inclusions in malleable iron
Manganese sulfide inclusions in pipeline steel
Manganese sulfides in AISI 416 stainless steel
Manganese sulfides in steels
Manganese sulfides in type 203 stainless steel
Manganese sulfides in type 416 and 5F (modified 416) stainless steels
Manganese sulfides in type 416 stainless steel
Manganese sulfides in types 203 resulfurized austenitic grade
Manganese sulfides in types 303 resulfurized austenitic grade
Manganese-iron sulfide, oxysulfide inclusions in AISI 4137-H steel
Manganosite
Manganosite and iron oxide
Manganosite in A529 steel
Manganosite in manganese-iron-silicate
Mapping images of a calcium aluminate inclusion bearing a spinel island
Mapping of inclusions Type 6 and 7 in ORVAR 2M steel
Metallographic examination of 1.4301 and (b) 1.4305 stainless steels after mechanical polishing
Mg inclusion shapes in polishing section and immersion nozzle after use
Mg-Al- Ce-O type inclusion in steel
Mg-spinel in calcium aluminate
Mg0 x Al2O3 x SiO2 x FeO inclusions in experimental steel
MgO x Al2O3 inclusion od the strip surface of stainless steel
MgO x Al2O3 spinel formed in the slag/metal interface of SUJ2 steel
MgO, Al2O3, CaO, CaS inclusions in ultra low carbon steel
MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, CaO, Cr2O3, MnO, FeO oxides in EAF slag
MgO-Al2O3-CaS inclusions in 44MnSiVS6 steel
MgS x MgO inclusions in 35CrNi3MoV steel with 0.0140% Mg
MgS/MgO particle in hot metal sample
Micrographs of inclusions observed in fractured steel
Micrographs of isolated inclusions, clusters, and aluminium oxide films in LCAK steel samples
Micrographs of small aggregated particles, smooth spherical inclusions, octahedral inclusions, and thin film with spherical inclusions in LCAK steel
Microphotograph of a typical inclusion after vacuum degassing
Microstructures of typical inclusions in as-cast steel
Mixed (Mn,Fe)S and titanium oxide inclusion in cold-worked type 301 stainless steel
Mixed (Mn,Fe)S and titanium oxide inclusion in type 301 and 316 stainless steels
Mixed (Mn,Fe)S and titanium oxide inclusion in type 301 stainless steel
Mn-Si-O inclusions in X65 pipeline steel
MnO inclusions in ferromanganese I
MnO inclusions in ferromanganese I
MnO x SiO2 x Nb2O5 inclusions in Nb steel
MnO-SiO2, MnO-Cr2O3 inclusions in AISI 304 stainless steel
MnO-rich inclusion in Orvar 2M steel
MnO-rich inclusions in Orvar 2M steel
MnO/TiO2/Al2O3 complex inclusion in SUS 304 stainless steel
MnO/TiO2/Al2O3/TiN complex inclusion in SUS 304 stainless steel
MnO–TiO2 and MnS inclusions in low carbon steel
MnS and (Ti,Nb)CN inclusions in X65 grade line pipe steels
MnS and Al2O3 inclusions in A533B pressure vessel steel
MnS and Al2O3 inclusions in X70 linepipe steel
MnS and MnSiN2 inclusions in cold rolled 0.5% Si steel
MnS and TiN inclusions in AISI 303, 315 and 319 steels
MnS and TiN inclusions in carbon manganese steel
MnS and TiO inclusions in Jumbo steel
MnS and corundum in duplex in rolled steel
MnS and corundum in ingot
MnS and silicate in duplex in rolled steel
MnS and spinel inclusions in steel
MnS in free-machining steel
MnS inclusion in 51CrV4 spring steel
MnS inclusion in SS 2343 steel
MnS inclusion of type II
MnS inclusion of type III
MnS inclusions in 16MnCr5 steel
MnS inclusions in 20MnCrS5 steel
MnS inclusions in 25MnCrSiVB6 steel
MnS inclusions in 316L stainless steel I
MnS inclusions in 316L stainless steel II
MnS inclusions in 3Cr-Mo steel
MnS inclusions in 42CD4 steel
MnS inclusions in 42CD4 steel
MnS inclusions in AISI 12L14(JIS SUM24L) steel
MnS inclusions in AISI 303 stainless steel
MnS inclusions in AISI 304 stainless steel
MnS inclusions in API-5L grade X52 steel
MnS inclusions in ASTM A533 GrB (UNS K12539) low-alloy steel
MnS inclusions in GS-38 steel
MnS inclusions in JIS SUM23 steel
MnS inclusions in S235JR steel
MnS inclusions in SAE 4140 steel I
MnS inclusions in SAE 4140 steel II
MnS inclusions in SAE 4140 steel III
MnS inclusions in X20CrMoV12-1 creep-resistant steel
MnS inclusions in austenitic stainless steel I
MnS inclusions in austenitic stainless steel II
MnS inclusions in austenitic stainless steel III
MnS inclusions in austenitic stainless steel IV
MnS inclusions in austenitic stainless steel V
MnS inclusions in carbon steel
MnS inclusions in cast of carbon steel, high in sulfur
MnS inclusions in ferromanganese III
MnS inclusions in fracture surface of axle shaft
MnS inclusions in fracture surface of the Hull steel of RMS Titanic
MnS inclusions in grade-X steel
MnS inclusions in implant quality 316L stainless steel
MnS inclusions in steel with Sn I
MnS inclusions in steel with Sn and Cu II
MnS inclusions in steel with Sn and Cu III
MnS inclusions in steel with Sn and Cu IV
MnS inclusions in steel with low C content
MnS inclusions in steels with different Mo content
MnS inclusions in sulphur-based master alloy
MnS inclusions in super austenitic stainless steels
MnS inclusions in the Hull steel of RMS Titanic
MnS inclusions in the free-cutting steel
MnS inclusions in type 403 martensitic stainless steel
MnS inclusions of type I
MnS inclusions of type I, II and III in blind feeder
MnS inclusions of type I, II, III and X in blind feeder
MnS inclusions, alumina cluster and calcium inclusions in CON and CaT steels
MnS non-metallic inclusions 42CrMo4 steel
MnS non-metallic inclusions in 13HMF and 316L steels
MnS of type I in duplex with silicates in different steel types
MnS plates in a rolled plate
MnS precipitated on the surfaces of oxides in low carbon steel
MnS stability at heat treatment
MnS stringers in a rolled bar
MnS sulfides in 1.4529 stainless steel
MnS transformation at high temperature
MnS x Al2O3 inclusions in C–Mn ship structural steel
MnS x CeS and oxysulfide with MnS in steel
MnS, Al2O3 inclusions in A537 steel
MnS, Al2O3 x CaO inclusions in steel of San Francisco-Oakland Bay bridge
MnS, Al2O3, Al2O3-MnS inclusions in high carbon steel
MnS, Al2O3, MnS-Al2O3 inclusions in medium carbon steel
MnS, Al2O3, nitride inclusions in G42CrMo4 cast steel
MnS, Cu2S, MnCr2O4 inclusions in 316F stainless steel
MnS, FeS inclusions in 4120 and 4140 steels (hydrogen trapping)
MnS, Mn2TiO4, MnTiO3, Ti2O3, Al2O3, MnSiO3 inclusions in Ti-killed C–Mn steel
MnS, MnO x Ti2O3, MnO x SiO2, SiO2 inclusions in steel weld
MnS, TiN inclusions in HSLA steel
MnS, V-Ti(N), VN, V(C,N), V-Ti(C,N) inclusions in V-N, V-Ti-N steels
MnS-Zr complex inclusions in Cr-Mo plastic mold steel
MnTi2O4, Ti2O3-MnTiO3, MnS inclusions in high-strength low-alloy steel weld metals
MnTiO3, Mn2TiO4 inclusions in low carbon high manganese steel
Modification of spinels in steel during Ca treatment
Morphology of alumina inclusions generated during deoxidation of low-carbon Al-killed steels
Morphology of manganese Sulfides depends on steel composition
Morphology of non-metallic inclusions - Al2O3 inclusions
Mullite and corundom in glassy maganese oxide-alumina-silica
Mullite and spessartite in glassy matrix of manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Mullite in synthetic slag
Multi phase particle in hot metal sample
Multi-phased inclusion in austenitic stainless steel
Multiphase (relatively grown) inclusions in a 1020 ESR electrode
Multiphase inclusion in manganese silicon killed steel
Multiphase inclusions in C-Mn-B steel
Multiphase inclusions in a Ce containing steel
NM's in ferritic-martensitic F82H-IEA steel
NMI in 280 and 316L steels - Sample preparation
NMI in 35B2+Cr steel
NMI in 35MnVS steel
NMI in 415-ton forged backup roll
NMI in 42CrMo4 and 157C steels
NMI in 4LR60 stainless austenitic and Sandwik SANMAC 220 steels - Appearance
NMI in 4LR60 stainless austenitic and Sandwik SANMAC 220 steels - Aspect ratio
NMI in 4LR60 stainless austenitic and Sandwik SANMAC 220 steels - Comparison of investigation methods
NMI in 4LR60 stainless austenitic and Sandwik SANMAC 220 steels - Occurrence of different non-metallic inclusions
NMI in AISI 316L stainless steel
NMI in ESR AISI H11 hot work tool steel
NMI in S275 JRC steel
NMI in SAE 4145 steel
NMI in SS400 low carbon steel
NMI in calcium treated steel
NMI in carburizing 20NiCrMo steel
NMI in cast steel
NMI in electrical steel
NMI in high manganese austenitic steel
NMI in high-speeed steels (I10CR8DV, I8CR10D)
NMI in medium carbon steel
NMI in steel from Ternium Siderar
NMI in structural steel
NMI in vacuum degassed 38MnS6 steel
NMI in welded AH36 steel
NMI with RE in medium carbon steel
NMI's in high manganese TWIP steels
NMI's in pipe line steels
Nano inclusions in steel strip
Nano-scale copper sulfide particles in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Nb(C,N) particles in TRIP steel
Nb(C,N), CuS inclusions in Nb steel
NbCN particles in 0.09%C - 0.07%Nb steel
Niobium carbonitrides in low-carbon steel microalloyed with Nb, V and Ti
Nitrides in railway steel
Non metallic inclusions in tire cord breakage
Non-metallic inclusion in ASTM A36 steel weld
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.0601 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4016 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4301 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4512 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 16MnCrB steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 30MnVS6 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 34CrMo4 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 5% Cr steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 57SiCr6D, 3613, 100Cr6 steels
Non-metallic inclusions in Corus and Uddeholm steels
Non-metallic inclusions in F82H-IEA steel
Non-metallic inclusions in FeNb alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in FeSi alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in FeTi alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in Fe–10%Cu–0.5%Sn alloys
Non-metallic inclusions in H13 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in HCFeCr alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in IF steels
Non-metallic inclusions in Jumbo, TiO and MnS steels
Non-metallic inclusions in LCFeCr alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in Mirrax steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in Nimax steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in Orvar 2M steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in REM treated stainless steels
Non-metallic inclusions in Riva carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in SUS410J1 and SUS440B steels
Non-metallic inclusions in SUS410J1 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in SUS440B steel
Non-metallic inclusions in SiMn alloy
Non-metallic inclusions in Ultra low carbon steel and IF steels
Non-metallic inclusions in X20Cr13 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in X22CrMoV12-1 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in boron steel
Non-metallic inclusions in centrifugal cast steel
Non-metallic inclusions in ductile iron
Non-metallic inclusions in fracture surface of very high strength steel
Non-metallic inclusions in high-grade steel for machine parts
Non-metallic inclusions in high-silicon non-calcium treated (HSiNC) stainless steels
Non-metallic inclusions in low carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in medium carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in medium carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in molten iron
Non-metallic inclusions in multi-phase high-temperature alloys
Non-metallic inclusions in nitriding steel
Non-metallic inclusions in spring steel
Non-metallic inclusions in stainless steel
Non-metallic inclusions in stainless steels
Non-metallic inclusions in steels
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade A - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade B - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade C - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in the conventional continuously cast and UCS steels
Non-metallic inclusions in weld, high aluminium E7O-T4
Non-metallic inclusions in weld, low-aluminum weld E71T-8
Non-octahedral inclusions in steels
Nucleation IGF at a cluster of MnS particles in the MnS steel
Nucleation of IGF at the Ti–oxide inclusions in the TiO steel
Octahedral-like particles in steel
Optical micrograph showing BWING and a row of MnS particles formed along dislocations in steel I
Optical micrograph showing BWING and a row of MnS particles formed along dislocations in steel II
Optical micrograph showing BWING and a row of MnS particles formed along dislocations in steel III
Optical micrograph showing BWING and a row of MnS particles formed along dislocations in steel IV
Optical microscope images of inclusion AISI 8620 carburizing steel
Optical microscope images of the same inclusion as in Fig. of inclusion No. 1279 and of another inclusion in the same cast
Optical microscopy images of acicular ferrite on inclusion in steel
Overview of published studies which considered the correlation of inclusion characteristics in different steel grades and their machinability parameters
Overview of the inclusion morphologies after acid extraction of the sample with 0.3 wt% dissolved Al
Overview of the morphology of the inclusions observed in the sample containing 0.04 wt% dissolved Al
Overview of the morphology of the inclusions observed in the sample containing 0.3 wt% dissolved Al
Oxide and MnS inclusions in ASTM A516 steel
Oxide and MnS inclusions in steel
Oxide and sulfide inclusions in 35CrNi3MoV steel without Mg and with Mg
Oxide and sulfide inclusions in API 5LX65 steel
Oxide and sulfide inclusions in ESR ingot
Oxide inclusion as a failure initiating site in fracture surface of the 100Cr6 steel
Oxide inclusion in 42CrMoS4 steel
Oxide inclusion in 90MnCrV8 steel
Oxide inclusion in BN1 steel
Oxide inclusion in X-65 carbon steel
Oxide inclusion in X20CrMoV11-1 steel
Oxide inclusion in X39CrMo17-1 steel
Oxide inclusion in X40CrMoV51 steel
Oxide inclusions in 1.0330 steel
Oxide inclusions in AISI 4335 steel
Oxide inclusions in HT780MPa class high strength steel
Oxide inclusions in ORVAR SUPREME steel
Oxide inclusions in PM steel
Oxide inclusions in SAE 1015 steel
Oxide inclusions in X19CrMoVNbN11-1 steel
Oxide inclusions in X46Cr13 steel
Oxide inclusions in high temperature austenitic stainless steel
Oxide inclusions in large ESR ingot
Oxide inclusions in low carbon Si-killed steel
Oxide inclusions in low carbon steel - Calcium treatment
Oxide inclusions in manganese steel
Oxide inclusions in medieval sword
Oxide inclusions in pipeline steel
Oxide inclusions in steel - Automatic SEM/EDS analysis
Oxide inclusions in steel casting
Oxide inclusions in ultrahigh strength AISI 4340, 65Si2MnWE, Aermet 100, 60Si2CrVA steels
Oxide inclusions in weld metal for high strength steel
Oxide inclusions in weld steel
Oxide-sulfide inclusions in 100Cr6 steel
Oxides in as-cast steel
Oxisulfide inclusion in 0.5Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V steel
Oxy-sulfides and sulfides inclusions in rolled industrial steel
Oxysulfide, complex sulfide inclusions in microalloyed steel
Oxysulfides, sulfides inclusions in 18CrNi8 steel
Phosphide eutectic in Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-0.9C-0.5Mo steel
Phosphide eutectic in pearlitic gay cast iron
Phosphide eutectic in pearlitic gay cast iron
Phosphide eutectic in pearlitic gay cast iron-Single-stage replica I
Phosphide eutectic in pearlitic gay cast iron-Single-stage replica II
Phosphide eutectic in white cast iron
Photographs and schematic illustrations of typical inclusions on a metal cross section before and after the hot rolling
Photographs of MnS inclusions in manufactured AISI 303 steels
Photographs of TiN inclusions in manufactured AISI 315 and AISI 319 steels
Plate-like inclusions in clusters occur frequently as dendrites
Plate-like inclusions in steel
Plate-like overgrowth onto existing particles in steels
Plate-like overgrowth onto existing particles in steels
Plate-like sulfides in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Preferential growth of epsilon-carbide at inclusins
Preferential precipitation of Cr2N at inclusion
Presence of a non-metallic inclusion in SS alloy
Production of certified reference material for non-metallic inclusions in steel
Pure MgO inclusion in constructional steel
Qualitative influence of different non-metallic inclusions (NMI) on some mechanical properties and mechanical machinability of steels
RE inclusions in 21Cr–11Ni steel
RE inclusions in GP240GH and G17CrMo5-5 cast steels
RE inclusions in low and high carbon steels
RE inclusions in steel
RE-O-S-As inclusions in high carbon steels
Rare earth inclusion in the steel with the rare earth elements
Rare earth inclusions in 3Mn, 3MnNb, 5Mn, 5MnNb steels
Rare earth oxysulfides (Re2O2S) found at the slab quarter depth position
Removal of MnS inclusions in molten steel using electropulsing
Reoxidation
Rhodonite (after rolling) in A529 steel
Rhodonite in fracture surface of A529 steel
Rhodonite, tridymite and manganese sulfide
Round duplex inclusion in steel
Round duplex inclusion in steel
Round duplex inclusion in steel
Round duplex inclusion in steel
Round duplex inclusion in steel
Round manganese sulicate and manganese oxide inclusion
Round manganese-iron oxide and manganese sulfide inclusion
SEM Fig. of fatique failure initiated at an inclusion
SEM Fig. of stringer phase in ORVAR 2M steel
SEM and TEM analysis of AlN inclusions in high-Al ingot
SEM image of acicular ferrite on inclusion in steel I
SEM image of acicular ferrite on inclusion in steel II
SEM image of the interface between inclusion and steel matrix in SAE 52100 steel
SEM images and EPMA data of inclusions in Fe–11%Cr–0.4%Si–Ti–N melt
SEM images of AlN + MnS inclusions in oriented electric steels
SEM images of typical inclusion observed in specimen A; as cast, after 60 min heating at 1473 K, and after 180 min heating at 1473 K
SEM images of typical inclusion observed in specimen B; as cast, after 60 min heating at 1473 K, and after 180 min heating at 1473 K
SEM images of typical inclusion observed in specimen C; as cast, after 60 min heating at 1473 K, and after 180 min heating at 1473 K
SEM micrograph of MnO–SiO2/MnS complex particles in the Fe-Ni-Mn alloy
SEM micrograph of inclusions on the surface of etched steel sample
SEM micrograph showing the AF laths around Ti-oxide and Ti-oxysulfide inclusions in low alloyed steel
SEM observations of the incipient period of IGF nucleation on MnS inclusions and grown-up acicular ferrite on MnS inclusions
SEM photos of inclusions containing Al and Ti in steel
SEM-EDX analysis of the TiO steel inclusions
SEM-EDX analysis of the complex Ti inclusion in steel
Sand and reoxidation particles in carbon steel
Scanning Auger electron micrograph of a corroded Cu-enriched manganese sulfide inclusion in 316 type stainless steel
Schematic presentation illustrating the influence of calcium treatment on inclusions in steel
Shape different Al2O3 inclusions in LCAK steel
Shell-like copper sulfide with MnS core in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
SiO2 x Al2O3 x CaO inclusions in LF steel
SiO2 x MnO-FeO inclusions in medium carbon steel
SiO2-Al2O3-MnO-TiO2 inclusions in electrical steel
Silicate inclusion in a longitudial section from steel
Silicate inclusions in the spindle shaft
Silicate slag in a cross-section of a RMS Titanic hull rivet
Silicates and sulfides in wrought steel
Silver defect on the strip of 304 stainless steel
Single phase inclusions in partially and fully molten regions in a 1020 ESR electrode tip
Single phase inclusions in partially and fully molten regions in a 1020 ESR electrode tip
Single-phase rhodonite
Singular micro-inclusions in steel
Singular platelets of inclusions in steels
Site of inclusion dissolution to produce crack like feature at loading to one-third yield strength in X-65 pipeline steel
Slag in a fractured 17th C Japanese helmut
Slightly transparent MnS in steel bar
Small inclusions may originate from aggregated particles in steels
Small inclusions may originate from aggregated particles in steels
Some examples of alumina inclusions in steel
Source of the macro inclusions in the ingot bottom teeming system
Spessartite and corundom in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Spessartite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Spessartite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Spherical Al2O3 inclusions in steel
Spherical aluminium oxide inclusion largely covered by titanium nitride in polished steel surface
Spherical calcium aluminate (core) with (peripheral) sulfide phases in CaSi deoxidized ESR ingots
Spherical calcium aluminate inclusion in steel
Spherical inclusion in constructional steel
Spherical inclusion in constructional steel
Spherical precipitates in the slowly cooled sample and small angular precipitates in the relatively rapid cooled sample
Spherical sulfides in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Spheriodisation in dendritic clusters in the LCSAK steel
Spheroidal inclusions of aluminium oxide and galaxite inclusions in 0.13C-0.28Si-1.41Mn steel
Spheroidal inclusions of aluminium oxide in 0.13C-0.28Si-1.41Mn steel
Spheroidisation of dendrites in a sample taken a few minutes after deoxidation
Spinel and Al2O3-CaO-MgO phase in steel
Spinel and alumina inclusions in steel
Spinel and calcium aluminate
Spinel and calcium aluminate inclusions in SAE 52100 steel
Spinel and corundum in calcia-alumina-silica
Spinel cluster in steel
Spinel in calcium aluminate
Spinel in calcium aluminate
Spinel inclusion in Al-killed steel
Spinel inclusion in constructional steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 1 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 2 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 3 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 4 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 5 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 6 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusion in steel sample No. 7 of 42CrMo alloyed structural steel
Spinel inclusions in 430 stainless steel
Spinel inclusions in 430 stainless steel
Spinel inclusions in SUS430 stainless steel
Spinel inclusions in steel
Spinel inclusions in steel
Spinel inclusions in type 304 stainless steel
Stainless-steel corrosion and MnS inclusions
Steadite in pearlitic grey cast iron
Stepped cluster in steels
Stringer inclusions in 16MnCr5 steel
Sulfide and nitride inclusions in steel
Sulfide and oxide inclusions in AISI 52100 steel
Sulfide and oxide inclusions in broken bolt
Sulfide and oxide inclusions in stainless steels
Sulfide and silicate inclusions in mild and Armco steels
Sulfide and small globular oxide inclusions in 16MnCr5 steel
Sulfide inclusion in fracture surface of carbon steel
Sulfide inclusions Type I, II and III after deoxidation in steel
Sulfide inclusions in 1.0037 steel
Sulfide inclusions in 100Cr6 steel
Sulfide inclusions in 100Cr6 steel
Sulfide inclusions in 30CrNiMo8 steel
Sulfide inclusions in 42CrMo4 steel
Sulfide inclusions in 50CrMoV13-1 steel
Sulfide inclusions in AISI 12L14 steel
Sulfide inclusions in Pb-free machinable ferritic stainless steel
Sulfide inclusions in SAE 4140 steel
Sulfide inclusions in SAE 4140 steel
Sulfide inclusions in SAE 4140 steel
Sulfide inclusions in X12Cr13 steel
Sulfide inclusions in X30Cr13 steel
Sulfide inclusions in X52 steel
Sulfide inclusions in carbon steel weldments
Sulfide inclusions in fracture surface of steel
Sulfide inclusions in fracture surface of steels (woddy fracture surface)
Sulfide inclusions in fracture surface of steels (woody fracture surface)
Sulfide inclusions in pipeline steel
Sulfide inclusions in steel
Sulfide inclusions in steel
Sulfide inclusions in steel
Sulfide inclusions on the primary grain boundary of the steel
Sulfide stringers in 1.7225 steel
Sulfide types I and II in steel
Sulfide, carbonitride and nitride inclusions in TRIP steel
Sulfide, oxysulfide, nitride inclusions in steel
Sulfides in as-cast steel
Sulfides in fracture surface of steel
Sulfides in free-machining steels
Sulfides in wrought steel
Sulfides in wrought steels
Sulfides in wrought steels
Sulfides of type I, II and IV in steels
Sulfides type III in steel
Sulfides, oxides and oxisulphides in cast steel
Sulfur printing (Baumann's method)
TEM analysis of Al2O3 inclusion in weld metal
TEM analysis of MnAl2O4 inclusion in weld metal
TEM analysis of MnS and TiO in weld metal
TEM analysis of TiO inclusion in weld metal
TEM analysis of TiO inclusion in weld metal
TEM analysis of inclusions in weld metal
TEM extraction replicas of inclusions in high-Cr ferritic stainless steels
TEM image and EDS data of inclusions in Fe–11%Cr–Ti–N melt
TEM image of sulfide inclusion with the trace of acicular ferrite in steel
TEM image, selected area diffraction pattern, and EDX analysis result, taken from the interface region between the MnS and the carbide tool in Ca-added steel
TEM images of AlN + MnS inclusions in oriented electric steels
TEM images of oxide inclusions and silicon oxide covered by copper sulfide in steel
TEM micrograph showing BWINGs around (Ti, Mn) based complex oxide in steel
TEM micrographs and EDX microanalysis of extraction replicas from 0.37C-0.56Si-1.45Mn steel
TEM of inclusion precipitated in high-N stainless steel solution treated at 1150 C for 1 h
Te and MnS inclusions in AISI 303 austenitic stainless steel
Telluride inclusions in steel
The EDS spectra for plate-like sulfide in sample H10L
The FeS+CuxS+SiO2 in sample H12L
The TEM image, EDS spectrum and SAED pattern for plate-like sulfide in sample H10L
The copper sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide in sample H13L
The copper sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide in sample H13L
The example of inclusion detected by the M.I.D.
The fine free standing copper sulfides and their EDS spectra in sample H10L
The formation process of Al2O3 cluster in ultra low carbon steel
The free standing and plate-like sulfide in sample H10L
The free standing iron sulfide in sample H13S
The iron sulfide coexisted with oxide and free standing iron sulfide in sample H8L
The iron sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide with different morphologies in sample H13L
The iron sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide with different morphologies in sample H13L
The iron sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide with different morphologies in sample H13L
The morphology and compositions of inclusions before deoxidation and after alloy addition in ultra low carbon steel
The photomicrograph of the glaze sample
The surface of a fresh fault of an unused aluminium oxide refractory and an aluminium oxide particle found in the steel sample
The typical fine free standing and plate-like sulfides in sample H10S
Ti oxide and TiN-MnS inclusions in the heat effected zone after a welding
Ti(C,N) particles in S45C steel
Ti-Fe-Nb inclusion in low carbon Nb–Ti microalloyed steel
Ti-oxide, TiN and MnS inclusions in low carbon steel
Ti-rich inclusions and cluster of inclusions in cold-worked type 301 stainless steel
Ti2O3 and MnTiO3 inclusions in weld steel
Ti2S particles in API 5L X65 steel
TiN and MnS inclusions in HSLA steel
TiN in tempered steels
TiN inclusions in X12Cr13 steel
TiN inclusions in medium carbon steel
TiN inclusions in steel
TiN inclusions in steel with and without Ca
TiN particles in 30%Ni–19%Cr steel
TiN+BN, MnS+BN inclusions in structural 20-KCX steel
TiN+MnS, (NbmTi)(C,N), Al2O3+TiN inclusions in low-carbon microalloyed steel
TiN, CaO x Al2O3, MnS inclusions in ultra-high-strength steel
TiN, MnS, (Ti+Mn)S, (Cu+Mn)S, TiS, Ti4C2S2 inclusions in IFHS steel
TiN, Nb(C,N), (Nb,Ti)(C,N), Ti(C,N), (Ti,Mo)(C,N) particles in low carbon steel
TiN, Ti4C2S2 inclusions in ULC steel
TiN, Ti4C2S2 particles in ultra low carbon steel
TiN-MnS, MgAl2O4, CaS-MgAl2O4 inclusions in steel
TiO2 in X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 steel
TiO2 inclusions in AWS E 11018M type electrode
TiO2 x MnS, ZrO2 inclusions in Ti steel
TiO2, TiN, Al2O3 inclusions in TiO2 and TiN particle additions
TiOx-Al2O3 cluster inclusions in ULC, LC steels
TiS and Ti-rich inclusions in austenitic stainless steel
Titanium carbonitride in Cr-Mo-V-B steel
Titanium carbonitride in Nimonic 80A alloy
Titanium nitride particles on a mold crust
Titanium nitrides in a Ti-stabilized austenitic stainless steel
Titanium oxide with Al, and MnS in steel with 0.090% C-0.89% Mn
Titanium sulfide inclusions present in an interstitial free steel slab
Transformation of a steel inclusion in situ as a result of heat treatmnet of steel I
Transformation of a steel inclusion in situ as a result of heat treatmnet of steel II
Transformation of a steel inclusion in situ as a result of heat treatmnet of steel III
Transmission electron micrograph and diffraction pattern of monoclinic Ti4O7 particle from melt containing 0.001 mass% Ti
Transmission electron micrograph and diffraction patterns of cubic TiO particle from melt containing 1.23 mass% Ti
Transmission electron micrograph and diffraction patterns of cubic TiO particle from melt containing 1.38 mass% Ti
Transmission electron micrograph and diffraction patterns of monoclinic gamma-Ti3O5 particle from melt containing 0.015 mass% Ti
Transmission electron micrograph and diffractionpatterns of rhombohedral Ti2O3 particle from melt containing 0.164 mass% Ti
Tridymite, chromium-galaxite and manganese sulfide
Two different kinds of typical CaO–MgO–Al2O3 system inclusions in steel
Two phase inclusions in sword blade from Vetulonia
Type 1 and 2 inclusions in ORVAR 2M steel
Type 2 and 4 inclusions in ORVAR 2M steel
Type 2, 3 and 4 inclusions in ORVAR 2M steel
Type 321 stainless steel containing titanium carbonitride blocky inclusions
Type 5 and 6 inclusions in DIEVAR steel
Type 5 inclusion in ORVAR 2M steel
Type 5, 6 and 7 inclusions in ORVAR 2M steel
Type 6 inclusion in steel with 0.50C-7.91Cr-0.39V
Type 6 inclusion, calcium-aluminate with a spinel core surrounded by a thin layer of CaS in Orvar 2M steel
Type 7 inclusion in steel with 0.38C-5.29Cr-0.94V
Type 7 inclusion in steel with 0.38C-5.29Cr-0.94V
Type 8 inclusion in steel with 0.38C-5.29Cr-0.94V
Type C1 inclusion in Orvar 2M steel
Type C2 inclusion in Orvar 2M steel
Type I, II and III MnS inclusions in steel
Type II manganese sulfides at the centerline of a slab
Type of MnS non-metallic inclusions on fracture surafce
Type-6 inclusion in ORVAR 2M steel
Type-6 inclusion in ORVAR 2M steel
Type-8 inclusion in ORVAR 2M steel
Type-8 inclusion in ORVAR 2M steel
Types of inclusions observed in low carbon steel billet samples
Typical MgO-based inclusions in steel
Typical MgO–Al2O3 system inclusions in steel
Typical SEM images of the "squared" and sharp edge of elongated inclusions in the rolled steel sample on a film filter
Typical bozzle blockage aspect and calcium hexaluminate clogging
Typical complex (Ca, Al, Si, Mn) inclusion in the liquid film and droplets of 1020 ESR electrodes
Typical deformed inclusion observed in the as-hot sample on the perpendicular cross section of 304 stainless steel
Typical distribution of inclusions of maraging steel with 1 wt% Ti, 1.5 wt% Ti and 2 wt% Ti
Typical duplex oxide–sulfide inclusions and and plate-like MnS particle in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Typical duplex oxide–sulfide inclusions and and plate-like MnS particle in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Typical inclusion in Ca-treated Al-killed steel
Typical inclusion shapes in MCAK, LCSAK and LCAK steels
Typical micro-inclusions in the tundish and billet
Typical microscopic inclusions in steels
Typical particle behaviour during early stages of agglomeration of complex cerium oxide alumina inclusions
Typical sulfide inclusion (MnS) in steel ingot
Uniform TiOx x Al2O3 phase in Al–Ti–O cluster and irregular TiOx x Al2O3 phase with hollow holes in ultra low carbon steel
Untreated spinel inclusions in aluminium-killed low carbon steel
V(C, N) inclusion in Low C–Mn–V steel
Variation of sulfide morphology with time in bearing steel
Void development around the spherical and elongated sulfide inclusions in steel
Widmanstatten MnS platelets formed in continuosly cast steel
Wustite and fayalite in glassy matrix of iron silicate
Wustite and magnetite containing manganese oxide
X-ray maps for O, Mg, Al Si and Ca of inclusion of the slab sample of stainless steel
X-ray maps for inclusions that consist of Mg, Al and O
XRD scans of inclusions extracted from the LCAK steel samples
Y2O3, YN, (Al,Mn)O, MnS inclusions in AISI 304 stainless steel
ZRM 192-1 certified reference material for non-metallic inclusions in steel
ZrO2 -MnS -TiN inclusions in low C-Mn steel
ZrO2 inclusions in 1.4938 + Zr steel
ZrO2, CeO2 inclusions in low carbon steel
ZrO2, TiN, MnS inclusions in ultra high strength low carbon steel