Non-Metallic Inclusions in Steels

Silicate Inclusions

Al, Ca, Ce and La distributions in a liquid pool CaSi deoxidized
Al-Si-Ca-Mn-Fe inclusion in ASTM A36 steel
Al-silicate inclusion in 4340 ESR ingot
Al2O3 x MgO x CaO inclusions in pipeline steel
Al2O3-CaS-MgAl2O4 inclusions in electrical steel
Alumina clogging deposits in Ti-alloyed ultra-low carbon steel
Analysis of inclusion taken from molten steel in tudnish (modified deoxidation method)
Anorthite in silicate matrix
Automatic analysis of non-metallic inclusions in steel using SEM-EDS
BOF slag
BSE images (JEOL 733) of given samples, showing hot faces
BSE images of a worn pitch-bonded magnesia-carbon brick, schowing the overall brick structure,and silicate-based impurities in grains
BSE images of an as-delivered pitch-bonded magnesia-carbon brick (VST 320-X)
BSE micrographs of industrially worn magnesia-chromite refractory brick reheated/quenched from 1300°C, 1400°C, 1600°C, 1700°C and 1800°C
Back-scattered electron (BSE) micrograph of a manganese silicate inclusion in polished steel surface
CL photomicrographs of synthetic CaO-MgO-SiO2 steel slag
CL photomicrographs of fluidized bed refractories from titanium chlorinating plants
CL photomicrographs of submerged entry nozzles (SENs)
CL photomicrographs of tundish veneer and coatings
CaO, Al2O3, MgO and CaS inclusions in ferritic stainless steel
CaO·2Al2O3 + MgO, CaO·6Al2O3 + MgO inclusions in 22GYu, 10G2FB, 09GSF steels
Calcium aluminate and spinel in a silicate matrix
Calcium aluminate and spinel in heavily rolled steel
Calcium aluminosilicate in 1018S steel
Calcium aluminosilicate in A529 steel
Calcium silicate and corundum in 1018S steel
Calcium silicate in 1018S steel
Calcium silicate in A529 steel
Calcium silicate in burnt dolomite bricks
Calcium silicate in magnesite bricks
Calcium silicates, rankinite and pseudo-wollastonite in a synthetic CaO-SiO2 slag
Characterization of inclusions
Chromium galaxite
Clogging - ULC steel
Complex Ca-Mg silicates Cast and wrought steels
Complex duplex magnesium sulfide and silicate inclusion in ductile iron
Complex inclusion containing in ferromanganese
Complex inclusion in a cast roll
Complex manganese zirconium silicate macro inclusion in manganese-silicon killed carbon steel
Corundum as single-phase inclusion particles
Corundum in manganese aluminosilicate matrix and calcium aluminate matrix of 1018S and A529 steels
Crack initiation at maganese sulphide (MnS) inclusions in bearing steel
Cristobalite in manganese-silicate
Cristobalite in rhodonite in steel A529
Defect from runner erosion
Different inclusions in structural steel I
Different inclusions in structural steel II
Different types of 'scales' of MnS around silicate inclusions
Different types of inclusions in rolled steel
Dolomite
Duplex inclusion in 1018S steel
Duplex inclusion in 1018S steel
Duplex oxide–sulfide and shell-like copper sulfide in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
EAF carbon steel slag
EDS mapping of the EAF slag/ MgAl2O4
EDS mapping of the EAF slag/Chromium containing spinel
EDS mapping of the slag formed during reaction between mullite substrate and molten iron containing oxygen
EPMA examination of inclusions in 70% reduced steel
EPMA examination of inclusions in 97% reduced steel
Electro slag in the fusion line after welding
Elemental maps of the entrapped material
Enstatite in glassy silicate matrix
Enstatite in glassy silicate matrix
Example of a complex oxide micro-inclusions formed due to deoxidation/reoxidation
Example of tunnel or lap defect on rolled plate due to pickled-out silicate inclusions
Examples of different inclusions in steel
Examples of exogenous inclusions in steel
Exogenous inclusions in deep-drawing steel
Faceted and plate-like inclusions in LCSAK steel clusters
Facets have occasionally been observed on spherical inclusions larger than the average size in LCSAK steel
Fayalite and iron oxide in glassy matrix of iron silicate
Fine crystalline MnS in silicate inclusion with cristobalite
Forsterite and spinel in a glassy silicate matrix
Forsterite in an olivine brick
Fractured large furnace slag particle in cold-worked austenitic stainless steel powder
Fractures in MnS inclusion in the rolled steel
Galaxite and chromium galaxite in 1018S steel
Galaxite in glassy manganese oxide-alumina-silica
Glassy calcium silicate in austenitic stainless steel
Globular aluminosilicate inclusion in steel
Grunerite (FeSiO3) and fayalite (Fe2SiO4)
Hercynite, aluminium oxide and galaxite in steels
Hydrogenous cracks near sulfides in wheel steel
Hydrogenous cracks near sulfides in wheel steel
Inclusion morphology of a semi-killed steel X-70 pipeline steel I
Inclusions in AISI 316 steel
Inclusions in MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 system at OLR and LF-IN
Inclusions in SAE 1141 steel
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous aluminium silicate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous aluminium silicate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous aluminium silicate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous aluminium-calcium silicate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous aluminium-calcium silicate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous calcium aluminate
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous silica
Inclusions in a high speed steel powder-exogenous zirconium silicate
Inclusions in ductile cast iron in the canisters
Inclusions in low alloy steel (An autoradiographic technique for studying the segregation of hydrogen absorbed into steels)
Inclusions in sponge iron powder-alkali-bearing silicates
Inclusions in sponge iron powder-alkali-calcium silicates
Inclusions may enhance failure of the steel
Inclusions, rich in calcium aluminate in teh fusion line between the steel and the welding electrode
Influence of inclusions modification on nozzle clogging
Laboratory trials Ladle glaze formation - MgO-rod immersion
Ladle sand buildup block
Lancashire slag
Lancashire slag
Macro inclusion in carbon steel casting
Macro-inclusions in steel ingot wth 0.3% C
Manganese silicates and globular oxides in steel
Manganese silicates in low carbon Si-killed steel
Manganese sulfide in 1018S steel
Manganosite in manganese-iron-silicate
MgO-Al2O3-CaS inclusions in 44MnSiVS6 steel
Microbreaks near non-metallic inclusions after plastic deformation
Microbreaks near nonmetallic inclusions after plastic deformation of wheel steel
Microstructure of AOD slag A
MnO in a ground-mass of tephroite
MnO x SiO2 x Al2O3 inclusion in high carbon wire rod steel
MnO-SiO2, MnO-Cr2O3 inclusions in AISI 304 stainless steel
MnS and silicate in duplex in rolled steel
MnS of type I in duplex with silicates in different steel types
MnS plates in a rolled plate
MnS, Al2O3 x CaO inclusions in steel of San Francisco-Oakland Bay bridge
MnS, Al2O3, Al2O3-MnS inclusions in high carbon steel
MnS, TiN inclusions in HSLA steel
MnTi2O4, Ti2O3-MnTiO3, MnS inclusions in high-strength low-alloy steel weld metals
Morphologies of inclusions extracted from 4J43 alloy
Mould-steel interface in the continuous casting of steel
Multi-phased inclusion in austenitic stainless steel
Multiphase inclusions in C-Mn-B steel
NMI in 35B2+Cr steel
NMI in ESR AISI H11 hot work tool steel
NMI in S275 JRC steel
NMI in high-speeed steels (I10CR8DV, I8CR10D)
NMI in welded AH36 steel
NMI on the barrel roll surface
NMI's in pipe line steels
Nano-scale copper sulfide particles in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Non-Metallic inclusion analysis in steel
Non-metallic inclusion in ASTM A36 steel weld
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.0601 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4016 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4301 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 1.4512 steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in 30MnVS6 steel
Non-metallic inclusions in Corus and Uddeholm steels
Non-metallic inclusions in Mirrax steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in Nimax steel during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in Ultra low carbon steel and IF steels
Non-metallic inclusions in electric quality sheet steels
Non-metallic inclusions in medium carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in medium carbon steel
Non-metallic inclusions in nitriding steel
Non-metallic inclusions in steels
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade A - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade B - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in teel grade C - SSAB during ladle treatment
Non-metallic inclusions in the conventional continuously cast and UCS steels
Nonmetallic inclusions in barrel of Japanese matchlock gun fabricated in the Edo period
Open-hearth slag
Open-hearth slag
Open-hearth slag
Other complex oxides in steel
Oxide and sulfide distribution in centrifugally cast steel products
Oxide inclusion in X-65 carbon steel
Oxide inclusions in low carbon Si-killed steel
Oxide inclusions in low carbon steel - Calcium treatment
Oxide scale and silicate
Periclase and magnesium ferrite in magnesite brick containing iron
Periclase, calcia, calcium ferrite and silicate in burnt dolomite
Phases in refractory materials
Plate-like sulfides in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
RE inclusions in low and high carbon steels
Rhodonite and cristobalite in A529 steel
Rhodonite in A529 steel
Rhodonite in Mn-silcate specimen
Rhodonite, low quartz, tridymite and glassy silica in A529 steel
Round manganese sulicate and manganese oxide inclusion
SEM micrograph of the alumina rod treated in oxygen partial pressure
SEM micrographs of virgin and industrially worn rebonded magnesia-chromite refractory brick reheated/cooled from 1750°C
SEM photomicrographs of the alumina substrate after the sessile-drop experiments at 1823 K and oxygen partial pressure
SEM picture of MgO dipped in slag showing FeO x MgO surrounding MgO
SEM picture of MgO showing slag penetration into the particle
SEM picture of dolomite dipped into slag showing no slag penetration and CaO being leached away
SEM picture showing MgO grains from dolomite dissolving in slag
Scanning electron micrograph and accompanied mapping of the rapidly cooled BOF slag
Scanning electron micrograph and accompanied mapping of the semi-rapidly cooled BOF slag
Scanning electron micrograph and accompanied mapping of the semi-rapidly cooled EAF slag
Scanning electron micrograph and accompanied mapping of the semi-rapidly cooled EAF slag
Scanning electron micrograph of the rapidly cooled BOF slag
Scanning electron micrograph of the semi-rapidly cooled BOF slag
Schematic presentation illustrating the influence of calcium treatment on inclusions in steel
Schematics of modification of spinel crystals in the slag-type inclusions by addition of fluorine
Shell-like copper sulfide with MnS core in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Silicate inclusion in a longitudial section from steel
Silicate inclusion in puddled iron
Silicate inclusions in 0.21C-0.20Si-0.79Mn steel
Silicate inclusions in steel
Silicate inclusions in the spindle shaft
Silicate melt
Silicate slag in a cross-section of a RMS Titanic hull rivet
Silicate slag inclusions in rolled steel
Silicates and sulfides in wrought steel
Slag inclusions in rolled steel
Slag particle in steel
Slag particles in puddled steel
Slag samples from the 60 tons EAF furnace
Spherical silicate slag grains
Spherical sulfides in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Spheriodisation in dendritic clusters in the LCSAK steel
Spinel and calcium aluminate inclusions in SAE 52100 steel
Spinel in calcium aluminate
Spinel in glassy silicate matrix
Sulfide and silicate inclusions in mild and Armco steels
TEM examination of silicate nucleus in ductile iron
TEM images of oxide inclusions and silicon oxide covered by copper sulfide in steel
Telluride inclusions in steel
Tephroite in Mn-silicate specimen
Tephroite in a ground-mass of rhodonite
The copper sulfide coexisted with silicon oxide in sample H13L
The mechanisms of MnS precipitated on oxides in steel melts during solidification
Thermal stresses near nonmetallic inclusions and wear parts near nonmetallic inclusion
Ti2O3 and MnTiO3 inclusions in weld steel
Type I, II and III MnS inclusions in steel
Typical appearance of scum trapped in billed surface
Typical duplex oxide–sulfide inclusions and and plate-like MnS particle in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Typical duplex oxide–sulfide inclusions and and plate-like MnS particle in conventional continuous casting silicon steel
Typical exogenous inclusions in steel
Typical inclusion shapes in MCAK, LCSAK and LCAK steels
Typical inclusions observed by microscope in the ladle, tundish, mold, and slab in Baosteel
Typical inclusions of singular spinel and spinel precipitated in silicate inclusion
Typical nonmetallic inclusion in steel
Typical oxide found in SAE 1050 steel
Typical slag inclusions in steel ingot
Water-solubility of various oxides and sulphides I
Water-solubility of various oxides and sulphides II
Wustite and fayalite in glassy matrix of iron silicate
Wustite, magnetite and iron silicates
Wustite, magnetite, and manganese silicate
X-ray maps of inclusions in ductile cast iron in the canisters
Zirconia graphite (ZrO2-C) submerged entry nozzle (SEN)