Surface Defects

316 stainless (S31600) bar - Corrosion defects
4-stages of bearing failure - Bearing defects
4.7 t ingot made of 18Kh2N4VA steel - Ingot defects
A clean break indicates a sudden shockload failure - Gear defects - Other defects
A comparison of two stainless mold steels with similar chemical compositions - Polishing defects
A defects - Rail defects
A failed hydraulic cylinder - Welding defects
A longitudinal groove on the internal surface along the top of the tub - Corrosion defects
A massive longitudinal perforation - Corrosion defects
A quench crack promoted by the presence of a deep, sharp stamp mark in a die made of AISI S7 tool steel - Heat treatment defects - Fractography
A summary of polishing sequences - Polishing defects
A surface crack - Rolling defects
A typical circumferential crack formed during the open-die forging - Ingot defects
AISI H13 mandrel used to pierce and extrude brass that failed after 298 pushes, about 30% of its expected life - Fractography
AISI P20 mold made from prehardened stock that was carburized and rehardened - Heat treatment defects - Fractography
AISI W2 carbon tool steel (1.05% C) component that cracked during quenching due to the presence of soft spots (arrows) on the surface - Heat treatment defects - Fractography
Abrasion - Bearing defects
Abrasion - Coating defects
Abrasion - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Abrasion resistance too low - Powder coating - Coating defects
Abrasive wear - Bearing defects
Abrasive wear - Bearing defects
Abrasive wear - Bearing defects
Abrasive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Abrasive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Abusive grinding practice - Machining defects
Accelerated wear - Bearing defects
Accident (curb hit) - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Accident (curb rash) - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Accident - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Acid attack along weld on internal surface - Corrosion defects
Acid corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Acid corrosion at weld - Corrosion defects
Acid corrosion at welds - Corrosion defects
Acid corrosion on the external surface of a fire tube - Corrosion defects
Acid corrosion on the internal surface of a wall tube - Corrosion defects
Acid rain - Paint defects - Coating defects
Acid salts corrosion - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Acidic corrosion - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Additional earthing for hollows - Powder coating - Coating defects
Adhering ash and flux residues - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Adhesion failure - Coating defects
Adhesion failure - Coating defects
Adhesion problems - Clearcoat - Paint defects - Coating defects
Adhesion problems - Polyester - Paint defects - Coating defects
Adhesion problems with plastics - Paint defects - Coating defects
Adhesion type wear of gear teeth - Gear defects - Other defects
Adhesive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Adhesive wear - Tool steel defects
Air bubbles - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Air bubbles - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Aircraft component - Corrosion defects
Aligned porosity with crack - Welding defects
Alkali corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Alligatoring (crocodiling) - Coating defects
Alligatoring - Coating defects
Alligatoring in a rolled slab - Rolling defects
Alloy X (N06002) bar - Corrosion defects
Alteration or modification - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Aluminium corrosion - Coating defects
Aluminothermic welding (Thermite) - Rail defects
Aluminum TSMC, chamfered edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Aluminum TSMC, flat edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Aluminum TSMC, rounded edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
An example of shelled rail - Rail defects
Animal fouling - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Anneal color - Heat treatment defects
Anneal-stained edges (temper colours) - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Anneal-stained edges - Rolling defects
Anneal-stained edges/temper colours - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Anodising burn I - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Anodising burn II - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Appearance of 120 ton-class 9CrMoCoB steel of ESR ingot - ESR ingot defects
Appearance of attack by citric acid - Corrosion defects
Appearance of sodium dichromate - Coating defects
Appearance of stress-corrosion crack on the external surface - Corrosion defects
Appearance of the external surface of a screen tube after exposure to moisture and corrosive deposits during idle periods - Corrosion defects
Applying of inappropriate hardening techniques - Heat treatment defects
Arc damage - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Arc strike - Welding defects
Arc strikes - Welding defects
Ash deposits - Coating defects
Ash staining - Coating defects
Atmospheric corrosion I - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Atmospheric corrosion II - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Automotive disc brake - Casting defects
Axial crack I - Bearing defects
Axial crack II - Bearing defects
Axial cracks - Bearing defects
Axial cracks occur on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Axial cracks occur on rolling surface - Bearing defects
Axial scratches at roller pitch intervals on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Axial scratches on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Axial scratches on rolling surface - Bearing defects
Axial smearing/scoring ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
BCL - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Bacon edge at the same film thickness on materials with 0.7 resp. 3 mm - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bad annealing - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Bad tension reel - Rolling defects
Band surface inclusion (sandwich) - Rolling defects
Banding - Roll defects
Bare spots - Coating defects
Bare spots - Coating defects
Bare spots - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Bare spots - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Barnacle - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Bath roller marks - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Beach marks - Gear defects - Other defects
Bead of sweat on a work piece - Powder coating - Coating defects
Beard and burr formation on slabs - Slab defects
Bearing damage - Bearing defects
Bearing damage classification - Bearing defects
Bearing defects
Bearing failure - Bearing defects
Bearing failure - Bearing defects
Bearing life vs. bearing operating setting - Bearing defects
Bearing-race axial cracks - Gear defects - Other defects
Belt pattern of electrical corrosion accompanied by pits on the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Bending and forming defects - Other defects
Bending fatigue - Gear defects - Other defects
Bending fatigue - Gear defects - Other defects
Bitter pits caused by metal sliver in the underground - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bittiness - Coating defects
Black areas - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Black band - Rolling defects
Black line defect - Rail defects
Black line defect - Rail defects
Black passivation defect - Zinc plating - Coating defects
Black patch - Cold rolling defects
Black steel inspection - Coating defects
Blacking drops - Casting defects
Blacking scab - Casting defects
Blasting damage - Coating defects
Blasting damage - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Bleaching - Coating defects
Bleeders - Slab defects
Bleeding - Coating defects
Bleeding - Coating defects
Bleeding - Coating defects
Bleeding ? yellowish stains - Coating defects
Blister - Casting defects
Blister - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Blister - Rolling defects
Blister on disc brake rotor - Casting defects
Blistering - Coating defects
Blistering - Coating defects
Blistering - Coating defects
Blistering - Coating defects
Blistering caused by an inappropriate pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Blistering caused by cross-linkage - Powder coating - Coating defects
Blistering defect of paint - Coating defects
Blisters - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Blisters - Hot rolling defects
Blisters - Rolling defects
Blisters and pinholes - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Blisters and slivers - Slab defects
Blisters in a carbon steel plate formed by hydrogen - Other defects
Blocked screw holes - Drawing defects
Blood supply of felt pen or stamping ink - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bloom (blush) - Coating defects
Bloom - Coating defects
Blooming - Coating defects
Blooming-effect - Powder coating - Coating defects
Blooming-effect - Powder coating - Coating defects
Blow hole - Casting defects
Blow hole - Casting defects
Blow hole - Casting defects
Blow hole - Casting defects
Blow hole - Casting defects
Blow holes and open blow - Casting defects
Blow outs - Coating defects
Blow-off structure - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Blowhole - Casting defects
Blowhole - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Blowhole - Slab defects
Blowhole/gas cavities/cavities (blowholes) due to boiling - Casting defects
Blowholes - Casting defects
Blowholes - Casting defects
Blowholes - Casting defects
Blowholes - Casting defects
Blowholes - Casting defects
Blowholes - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Blowholes - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Blowholes - Rolling defects
Blowholes - Slab defects
Blowholes - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Blowholes - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Blowholes- Wet sand - Casting defects
Bluish or purplish discoloration on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Bluish or purplish discoloration on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Body line slivers - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Body sliver/seams - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Boil up of the coating caused by a too high film thickness - Powder coating - Coating defects
Boiler coal-ash corrosion - Corrosion defects
Bolt hole crack - Rail defects
Bolt hole crack - Rail defects
Bootleg - Ingot defects
Bore crack - Casting defects
Boring tool - Tool steels - Fractography
Brake dust buildup - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Breaking the casting - Slab defects
Breaks at the bending - 1.7102 steel - Cold drawing defects
Brick inclusions - Ingot defects
Bridging - Coating defects
Bridging - Coating defects
Bright band (convex edge) - Rolling defects
Bright edge (edge overgrowth) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Brinell and impact damage - Bearing defects
Brinelling - Bearing defects
Brinelling indentation ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Brittle fracture face resulting from corrosion fatigue - Corrosion defects
Broken chuck - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Broken corners - Hot rolling defects
Broken corners - Slab defects
Broken helical spring - 1.7176 steel - Cold drawing defects
Broken nitrided case - 1.7131 steel - Cold drawing defects
Broken out gate - Casting defects
Bruised ingot surface - Ingot defects
Bruising - Bearing defects
Brush chatter marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Brush marks - Coating defects
Bubble - Drawing defects
Bubbles - Casting defects
Bubbles - Slab defects
Bubbles caused by corrosion after pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bubbles caused by corrosion after pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bubbles caused by outgassing at the die-cast aluminium - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bubbles caused by tassels in the galvagnized plate - Powder coating - Coating defects
Bubbles in general - Coating defects
Bubbles or bubbling - Coating defects
Bubbles or bubbling - Coating defects
Buckle - Casting defects
Bulge - Casting defects
Bulged and ruptured superheater U-bend - Corrosion defects
Bulging - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Bulging marks - Slab defects
Bulk microstructure - Rail defects
Burn mark - Polishing defects
Burn marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Burned on sand - Casting defects
Burned rail - Rail defects
Burned rail - Rail defects
Burned weld - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Burns from electric current - Bearing defects
Burns from electric current I - Bearing defects
Burns from electric current II - Bearing defects
Burns from electric current III - Bearing defects
Burns on the surface of the workpiece - Machining defects
Burnt - Hot rolling defects
Burnt edges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Burnt edges - Rolling defects
Burrs - Machining defects
Burrs on curl - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Burst at the bulging - 1.7709 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst failures - Fractography
Burst of screw head at the compression - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst of screw head at the compression - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst of screw head at the compression - 1.7076 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst open upsetting sample - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst open upsetting sample - 1.4303 steel - Cold drawing defects
Burst open upsetting sample - 1.4303 steel - Cold drawing defects
Butterfly areas and early sub-surface cracks at inclusions - Bearing defects
Butterfly ? Micro hardness - Bearing defects
Butterfly ? Morphology & orientation - Bearing defects
CN7M valve - Casting defects
CO2 beads of sweat in the filter residue - Powder coating - Coating defects
CS macro segregation - Ingot defects
Cage damage - Bearing defects
Cage damage - Bearing defects
Cage is damaged by melting, balls become discolored and melted - Bearing defects
Caked residue of lubricant - Bearing defects
Calcium carbonate and Analcite deposits - Corrosion defects
Cam fracture - Bearing defects
Camber - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Cap shift - Bearing defects
Carbon deposit - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Case crushing - Gear defects - Other defects
Case crushing - Gear defects - Other defects
Casting chilling defect - Casting defects
Casting imperfections visible - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Casting powder inclusions - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cathodic disbonding - Coating defects
Caustic corrosion and overheating - Corrosion defects
Caustic gouging along a longitudinal waterline - Corrosion defects
Cavitation - Corrosion defects
Cavitation damage I - Fractography
Cavitation damage II - Fractography
Cavities - Casting defects
Center waves - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Centerline segregation - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Centerline segregation - Rolling defects
Centerline segregation - Slab defects
Centerline segregation - Slab defects
Centerline segregation ? Assessment method - Slab defects
Centerline segregations - Slab defects
Central crack and porosity - Slab defects
Centreline segregation in the slabs - Slab defects
Centrifugal impeller - Fractography
Chain and wire marks - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Chain graphitization - Corrosion defects
Chalking - Coating defects
Chalking - Coating defects
Chalking - Coating defects
Chalking caused by faulty powder coating selection - Powder coating - Coating defects
Chalky side seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Chamfer mold - Slab defects
Characteristic shapes of the crack contour - Rail defects
Charpy V-Notch series to evaluate the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature - Fractography
Chatter marks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Chatter marks - Machining defects
Chatter marks - Roll defects
Chatter marks - Rolling defects
Chatter marks - Rolling defects
Check earthing - Powder coating - Coating defects
Checking - Coating defects
Checking - Coating defects
Checking defect - Rolling defects
Cheesiness - Coating defects
Chelant corrosion - Corrosion defects
Chelant corrosion on feedwater pump - Corrosion defects
Chelant corrosion on internal surface of inlet end - Corrosion defects
Chevrons (flashings) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Chicken cracks - Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Chicken cracks - Machining defects
Chill iron marks - Casting defects
Chipping occurs at the center rib - Bearing defects
Chipping ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Chipping ? poor putty - Coating defects
Chloride corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Chromate patches/streaks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Chromating defects (stain) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Chrome peeling - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Chrome trees - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Chromium oxide on the surface - 1.4016 steel - Cold drawing defects
Cissing - Coating defects
Cissing - Coating defects
Clash shifting I - Gear defects - Other defects
Clash shifting II - Gear defects - Other defects
Class 1 arris - Rail defects
Class 1 rolling contact fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Class 1 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 1 spalling - Rail defects
Class 1 spalling - Rail defects
Class 1 steep flange - Rail defects
Class 1 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 1 thermal cracks - Rail defects
Class 2 arris - Rail defects
Class 2 arris - Rail defects
Class 2 rolling contact fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Class 2 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 2 spalling - Rail defects
Class 2 spalling - Rail defects
Class 2 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 2 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 2 thermal cracks - Rail defects
Class 3 arris - Rail defects
Class 3 arris - Rail defects
Class 3 high flange - Rail defects
Class 3 hollow tread - Rail defects
Class 3 rolling contact fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Class 3 scaled wheels - Rail defects
Class 3 scaled wheels - Rail defects
Class 3 short flange - Rail defects
Class 3 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 3 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 3 spalling - Rail defects
Class 3 spalling - Rail defects
Class 3 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 3 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 3 thermal cracks - Rail defects
Class 4 arris - Rail defects
Class 4 arris - Rail defects
Class 4 manufacturing defect or external wheel damage - Rail defects
Class 4 rolling contact fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Class 4 scaled wheels - Rail defects
Class 4 scaled wheels - Rail defects
Class 4 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 4 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 4 spalling - Rail defects
Class 4 spalling - Rail defects
Class 4 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 4 thermal crack - Rail defects
Class 4 thermal cracks - Rail defects
Class 4 thin flange - Rail defects
Class 5 fatigue crack - Rail defects
Class 5 scaled wheels - Rail defects
Class 5 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 5 skidded wheels - Rail defects
Class 5 thermal cracks - Rail defects
Class 5 thin flange - Rail defects
Classification of surface imperfections - Polishing defects
Clean emulsion marks - Rolling defects
Clearcoat yellowing - Paint defects - Coating defects
Climatic conditions - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Clinched only - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Clinks - Hot rolling defects
Clinks - Ingot defects
Clogged holes - Coating defects
Clogged holes/Clogged threads - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Clogged threads - Coating defects
Clothing fiber in the powder coating film (cured) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Cloud formation at metallic - Powder coating - Coating defects
Cloud formation caused by different film thickness - Powder coating - Coating defects
Clouding - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Clouding/mottling - Paint defects - Coating defects
Coal-ash corrosion - Corrosion defects
Coated coil defects - Coated coil defects
Coater drip - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Coating failure caused by inadequate primer - Coating defects
Coating inside out - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Coating inside out - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Coating ripple - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coating skips - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Coating terminology
Coating thickness - Coating defects
Cobwebbing - Coating defects
Cobwebbing - Coating defects
Coil break - Heat treatment defects
Coil break - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Coil breaks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Coil breaks - Heat treatment defects
Coil breaks - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Coil breaks - Rolling defects
Coil breaks - Rolling defects
Coil breaks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coil breaks - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coil cone - Rolling defects
Coil digs - Rolling defects
Coil set - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Coil set - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coil set - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coil spring made from AISI H12 tool steel that cracked after heat treatment - Fractography
Coil temper digs - Heat treatment defects
Coil wrench mark - Heat treatment defects
Coiling slip marks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Coiling slip marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Coiling slip marks - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Cold cracks - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cold flow I - Gear defects - Other defects
Cold flow II - Gear defects - Other defects
Cold indentations - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cold lap - Casting defects
Cold lap or cold shut - Casting defects
Cold lap or cold shut - Casting defects
Cold rolling marks - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Cold shot inclusion/spray bead - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut - Casting defects
Cold shut in part - Casting defects
Cold solder - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cold strip scratches - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Cold strip scratches - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Color aberration - Rolling defects
Color compare with the original color sample during the production - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color hue change caused by insufficient adhesion - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color hue change during the production - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color of chips - Fractography
Color of chips - Polishing defects
Color off-shade - Paint defects - Coating defects
Color shift at coatings of different manufacturers - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color shift between RAL-cards HR and GL - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color shift caused by a communication mistake - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color variations caused by different application manufacturers - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color variations caused by reclaim - Powder coating - Coating defects
Color-deviation at dormant caused by two different shades in the oven - Powder coating - Coating defects
Colour difference - Coating defects
Colour differences - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Comet tails - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Comet tails - Polishing defects
Comet tails - Polishing defects
Common bearing defects - Bearing defects
Common defects - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Common defects - Paint and coating defects
Common defects during application, drying and curing - Coating defects
Common defects during paint storage - Coating defects
Common defects during service life - Coating defects
Compared the calculated results with the experimental ones of the crack shape from top surface - Rolling defects
Comparison between leaded and unleaded free machining steel - Rolling defects
Comparison of defect detection systems - Rolling defects
Composite radiant tube - Coating defects
Composite radiant tube - Corrosion defects
Comprised pretreatment-crystals (salts, chlorides) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Concave geometry of solidified shell - Slab defects
Condensate drip marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Conductor roll imprint - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Conductor roll stickers - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Conductor roll structure - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Configuration of lustrous carbon test casting - Casting defects
Contact marks (rub) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Contamination (fish-eyes/silicone) - Paint defects - Coating defects
Contamination - Bearing defects
Contamination - Bearing defects
Contamination - Bearing defects
Contamination - Polishing defects
Contamination - Rail defects
Contamination from poor equipment cleaning - Powder coating - Coating defects
Continuous casting process showing phenomena in the mold - Slab defects
Continuously test of the reclaim - Powder coating - Coating defects
Contour mapping - Coating defects
Convergence of groove - Corrosion defects
Convexity and concavity - Welding defects
Cooling cracks - Tool steels - Heat treatment defects
Cope defect, elephant skin, laps - International classification of common casting defects - Casting defects
Copper brazing - Other defects
Copper mold wall contamination - Slab defects
Core breakage - Casting defects
Core breakage - Defects in patterns related to the use of ceramic, etc. - Other defects
Core damage - Casting defects
Core pin - Tool steel defects
Core segregation - Slab defects
Corner crack - Slab defects
Corner cracks - Rolling defects
Corner cracks - Slab defects
Corner cracks - Slab defects
Corner cracks at the drawing - 1.4122 steel - Cold drawing defects
Corroded plate surface - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Corroded plate surface - Corrosion defects
Corroded steel bar - Corrosion defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Drawing defects
Corrosion - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Corrosion - Paint defects - Coating defects
Corrosion - Pipeline defects
Corrosion - Pipeline defects
Corrosion - Pipeline defects
Corrosion - Rail defects
Corrosion - Rust - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Rust - Bearing defects
Corrosion - Rust - Bearing defects
Corrosion and perforations of finned economizer tube - Corrosion defects
Corrosion as bubble causale - Powder coating - Coating defects
Corrosion at the steel?medium interface - Corrosion defects
Corrosion caused by Fe-phosphating on radiated pieces - Powder coating - Coating defects
Corrosion defect - Pipeline defects
Corrosion due to chemicals - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Corrosion due to hydrolysis - Corrosion defects
Corrosion due to incorrect storage - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Corrosion due to incorrect transportation of heavy plates - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Corrosion in steel wires of a cable strand - Corrosion defects
Corrosion of large area on the pipe - Pipeline defects
Corrosion of reinforced concrete pilings - Corrosion defects
Corrosion of sandblasted work pieces after pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Corrosion resulting from inadequate water washing of external surfaces - Corrosion defects
Corrosion test - Corrosion defects
Corrosion trap - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Corrosion under thermal contraction - Pipeline defects
Corrosion ? Maximum permissible - Bearing defects
Corrosion ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Corrosion-fatigue cracking - Corrosion defects
Corrosive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Corrosive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Corrugation - Rail defects
Crack - Bearing defects
Crack - Casting defects
Crack - Casting defects
Crack - Coating defects
Crack - Drawing defects
Crack - Forged bar - Forging defects
Crack - Heat treatment defects
Crack - Polishing defects
Crack - Polishing defects
Crack - Roll defects
Crack - Slab defects
Crack at the bottom of flange - Other defects
Crack failure analysis of stainless steel seamless pipe - Fractography
Crack initiation at the sharp radius of a plastic mould die - Steel tool defects
Crack-free 'milky' low current density chromium plate - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Cracked edge - Other defects
Cracked in sharp cornes - Tool steels - Fractography - Heat treatment defects
Cracking - Coating defects
Cracking - Coating defects
Cracking - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Cracking - Drawing defects
Cracking - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Cracking at the flash - Forging defects
Cracking during 90 deg. bending - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Cracking of a nitrided quill shaft - Heat treatment defects
Cracking of pallet side walls at a sinter plant - Fractography
Cracking through weld zone - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Cracks - Bearing defects
Cracks - Casting defects
Cracks - Casting defects
Cracks - Heat treatment defects
Cracks - Induction thermography - Forging defects
Cracks - Ingot defects
Cracks - Slab defects
Cracks - Welding - Coating defects
Cracks associated with surface irregularities - Ingot defects
Cracks at welds - Pipeline defects
Cracks caused be smearing - Bearing defects
Cracks caused by excessive drive-up - Bearing defects
Cracks caused by fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Cracks caused by rough treatment - Bearing defects
Cracks caused by shrinkage hole - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cracks not accompanied by surface irregularitics - Ingot defects
Cracks occur on outside surface - Bearing defects
Cracks or tears - Casting defects
Cracks propageted outward in the axial and circumferential directions from the flaking origin on the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Cracks, longitudinal and transverse I - Drawing defects
Cracks, longitudinal and transverse II - Drawing defects
Crank shaft and typical defects - Forging defects
Crater caused by oil in the compressed air - Powder coating - Coating defects
Crater caused by oil residue - Powder coating - Coating defects
Crater in powder coating film caused by corrosion - Powder coating - Coating defects
Crater pipes - Welding defects
Cratering - Coating defects
Cratering - Coating defects
Cratering - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cratering/fish eyes - Coating defects
Craters - Bearing defects
Craters - Welding - Coating defects
Craters in the undercoat - Coating defects
Craze cracking - Casting defects
Crazing - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Crazing - Coating defects
Crazing - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Crazing - Ingot defects
Crazing - Rolling defects
Create an additional earthing - Powder coating - Coating defects
Creep accompanied by scoring of bore surface - Bearing defects
Creep occurs over entire circumference of outside surface - Bearing defects
Creep rupture (stress rupture) - Corrosion defects
Cross bow - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Cross bow - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Cross bow - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Cross bow - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Cross cavity - Slab defects
Cross section of bulged target-wall tube - Corrosion defects
Cross section of the running surface - Rail defects
Cross-section fractures - Slab defects
Crowsfooting - Coating defects
Crowsfooting - Coating defects
Crow?s feet - Casting defects
Crushed - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Crushed head - Rail defects
Crushed head - Rail defects
Current leakage - Bearing defects
Current leakage - Bearing defects
Curve - Rolling defects
Curved defect originating on the internal surface of a seamless tube - Corrosion defects
Cut seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cut-down flange I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cut-down flange II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cut-off damage - Casting defects
Cutover I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cutover II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Cyclic (alternate) immersion panels with circular holidays after 6 months - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Cyclic (alternate) immersion panels with scribes after 6 months test - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Damage - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Damage - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Damage by improper tire mounting or improper tire mounting solution - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Damage caused by the passage of electric current - Bearing defects
Damage occurring during further processing - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Damage process - Bearing defects
Damage strip edges - Rolling defects
Damage to bead seat area from the use of incorrect tire lubricant when installing tires - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Damage to scoreline/pull tab - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Damaged bearing cages or retainers - Bearing defects
Damaged coating - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Damaged curl/flange - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Damaged die parts on different dies at different location under similar production condition - Tool steel defects
Damaged plate edges - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Damaged rail - Rail defects
Damaged rail - Rail defects
Damaged strip edges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Damaged strip edges - Rolling defects
Damages due to improper slinging - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Damages occurring during storage - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Damages occurring during transportation - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Damp patch caused by accumulated rust and debris - Coating defects
Dark etching areas & white bands - Bearing defects
Dark etching areas ? Hardness changes - Bearing defects
Dark staining adjacent to welds - Coating defects
Dealloying - Corrosion defects
Debris around bearings retains moisture - Coating defects
Decarburization at heat treated material - Heat treatment defects
Deep caustic gouging beneath insulating internal deposits - Corrosion defects
Deep drawing defects - Drawing defects
Deep grooves cut into the hot side of a waterwall tube - Corrosion defects
Deep oscillation marks - Slab defects
Deep seated rust - Bearing defects
Defect by Excessive Burrs - Machining defects
Defect by chatter - Machining defects
Defect in pipeline steel - Rolling defects
Defect on continuous cast materials - Slab defects
Defect type overview - Rail defects
Defect? - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Defective bearing - Bearing defects
Defective bearing tables and photographs - Bearing defects
Defective field weld - Rail defects
Defective plant weld - Rail defects
Defective surface - Casting defects
Defective surface - Casting defects
Defective welds - Rail defects
Defects by chip formation - Machining defects
Defects by chipping - Machining defects
Defects by the built-up edge - Machining defects
Defects in rolling
Defects in the bulk volume of a nitrogen steel riser - Casting defects
Defects in work roll bearing inner races - Roll defects
Defects of machined surface - Machining defects
Defects on the inner surface of T91 steel tube - Corrosion defects
Defects using wax chills - Defects in patterns related to the use of ceramic, etc. - Other defects
Deficiency in the original design failure of a steam turbine - Fractography
Deformation - Drawing defects
Deformation - Polishing defects
Deformation and wear of a machined high-tension brass cage - Bearing defects
Deformation due to incorrect storage - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Deformation of the side face of a machined hightension brass cage - Bearing defects
Delamination - Casting defects
Delamination - Coating defects
Delamination - Coating defects
Delamination - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Delamination - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Dent - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Dent - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Dent - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Dent - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Dent of roller - Slab defects
Denting - Bearing defects
Denting/Point-surface-origin (PSO) macropitting - Bearing defects
Dents - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Dents - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dents - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dents left from the tooling after CNC milling - Machining defects
Deposit layer on the internal surface of the hot side of a crossover tube - Corrosion defects
Depression defects - Slab defects
Depression defects - Slab defects
Depression mark I - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Depression mark II - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Depressions and pressure damage - Bearing defects
Design structures in modular lengths and optimum widths - Coating defects
Design structures in modular lengths and optimum widths - Coating defects
Destructive (progressive) pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Destructive pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Destructive scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Destructive scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Detail fracture (welded bond) - Rail defects
Dew-point corrosion during idle periods - Corrosion defects
Die casting dies corrosion - Tool steel defects
Die cracked in heat-treatment - Tool steels - Fractography
Die damages on a moving die insert - Tool steel defects
Die made of high-carbon - Tool steels - Fractography
Different gas atmospheres - Ingot defects
Different opacity on steel and aluminum - Powder coating - Coating defects
Different pores seen on billet - Slab defects
Dimensional variations - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Dirt - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Dirt - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Dirt embedment - Bearing defects
Dirt inclusions - Paint defects - Coating defects
Dirt on back - Bearing defects
Dirty - dust - Coating defects
Dirty lubricant - Indentations on raceway - Bearing defects
Dirty lubricant - Indentations on raceway - Bearing defects
Dirty lubricant - Smearing/wear on roller - Bearing defects
Discoloration - Bearing defects
Discoloration and melting of roller rolling surface, adhesion of worn particles from cage - Bearing defects
Discoloration/staining - Polishing defects
Discolouration - Bearing defects
Discolouration of the paint coating over hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Discolouration ? Acceptable - Bearing defects
Discolouration ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Discontinuity defect-LH15 bearing steel - Forging defects
Discontinuous cracks - Rolling defects
Disjointed ingot - Ingot defects
Dislocation - Drawing defects
Distinctive appearance of spalls - Bearing defects
Distinctive features of subsurface initiated spalls - Bearing defects
Distinctive features of surface initiated spalls - Bearing defects
Distorted crank case - Bearing defects
Distorted reform ridge - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Distortion - Casting defects
Distortion - Coating defects
Distortion - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Distortion - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Distortion - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Distortion - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Distortion - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Distortion or warp - Casting defects
Distribution and morphology of machined surface defects - Machining defects
Dog marks, manipulator marks - Hot rolling defects
Double body - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Double end - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Double end - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Double seam dent - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Double skin - Casting defects
Double skin - Casting defects
Double skin - Ingot defects
Double skin - Ingot defects
Double teem - Ingot defects
Double-side edge waves - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Drag mark, sticking - Slab defects
Drainage runs and streaks - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Drainage spikes - Coating defects
Drainage spikes - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Drainage spikes - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Draw/blowhole - Casting defects
Drawn-in drawing agent - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Drawn-in scale - 1.2826 steel - Cold drawing defects
Dripped ESR ingot - Ingot defects
Droop I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Droop II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Drop formation - Powder coating - Coating defects
Drop formation caused by a too high film thickness - Powder coating - Coating defects
Dross - Casting defects
Dross - Casting defects
Dross - Coating defects
Dross - Coating defects
Dross inclusions - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Dross inclusions - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Dross pimples - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dross spots - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dross striations - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dross sugar - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Dry in - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Dry spray - Coating defects
Ductile fracture - Fractography
Dull grey coating - Coating defects
Dull grey or mottled coating appearance - Coating defects
Dull wheel - Machining defects
Dust in the filter residue - Powder coating - Coating defects
Dust in the reclaim powder (enlarged) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Early micro cracks on pinion - Bearing defects
Ears - Drawing defects
Ectocarpus - Plant - Weed or algae fouling - Coating defects
Ectocarpus and enteromorpha - Plant - Weed or algae fouling - Coating defects
Edge burst - Forging defects
Edge crack - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Edge crack - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Edge crack - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Edge crack - Rolling defects
Edge cracks - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Edge cracks - Rolling defects
Edge cracks - Slab defects
Edge cracks - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Edge defect - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Edge defect - Tinning - Rolling defects
Edge defects - Rolling defects
Edge fault - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Edge fault - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Edge line slivers - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Edge mapping due to solvent penetration - Paint defects - Coating defects
Edge particles - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Edge rounding - Polishing defects
Edge seam - Rolling defects
Edge seam defect - Slab defects
Edge seam defects - Slab defects
Edge waves - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Edge waves/centre waves - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Edge waviness from the quench unit - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Edge ?sugar? - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Edge/central waves - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Edge/central waves - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Edges - Sharp - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Edges ? Flame cut - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Effect difference at different applications - Powder coating - Coating defects
Effect of heat treatment on as-processed black Ni-P - Coating defects
Effect of immersion time on as-processed black Ni-P - Coating defects
Effect of rainwashing - Coating defects
Effect of temperature of etching solution on as-processed black Ni-P - Coating defects
Effect-deviations caused by reclaim - Powder coating - Coating defects
Efflorescence - Coating defects
Electric current damage - Bearing defects
Electric flash butt welding - Rail defects
Electric pitting - Flaking generated around half the raceway - Bearing defects
Electric pitting - Flaking generated around half the raceway - Bearing defects
Electric pitting and staining - Bearing defects
Electric pitting and staining - Bearing defects
Electrical corrosion has a dark color that covers the entire ball surface - Bearing defects
Electrical current damage ? Washboarding / fluting (unacceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical current damage ? Washboarding / fluting (unacceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical damage ? Pitting (maximum acceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical damage ? Strings of pitting (unacceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical damage ? Strings of pitting (unacceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical damage ? Strings of pitting (unacceptable) - Bearing defects
Electrical erosion - Bearing defects
Electrical erosion - Bearing defects
Elemental copper on wall tube from a high-pressure utility boiler - Corrosion defects
Elephant skin - Casting defects
Elephant skin - Casting defects
Elephant skin and a gas - Casting defects
Elephant skin defect - Casting defects
Elliptical metal-loss pattern and intact island of tube metal at perforated superheater U-bend - Corrosion defects
Elliptical water rings surrounding oxygen pit in a U-bend - Corrosion defects
Elongated porosity - Welding defects
Embedded abrasive - Polishing defects
Emulsion mark - Rolling defects
Emulsion marks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Emulsion marks - Rolling defects
Emulsion marks - Rolling defects
Emulsion marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
End cracking - Drawing defects
End yoke vibration - Gear defects - Other defects
Enteromorpha (green grass) - Plant - Weed or algae fouling - Coating defects
Enteromorpha (green grass) - Plant - Weed or algae fouling - Coating defects
Entrapped air - Casting defects
Entrapped air - Casting defects
Environmental contamination - Paint defects - Coating defects
Erosion - Coating defects
Erosion - Tool steel defects
Erosion failure of a high alloyed cold work tool steel - Steel tool defects
Erosion/washout - Casting defects
Etch spotting - Casting defects
Etch staining - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Etching ? Corrosion - Bearing defects
Etching/corrosion - Bearing defects
Etching/corrosion - Bearing defects
Examination of tyred wheels in service - Rail defects
Example of a successful polishing treatment - Polishing defects
Example of a successful polishing treatment - Polishing defects
Example of a successful polishing treatment - Polishing defects
Example of external corrosion - Pipeline defects
Examples of a chrome wheel that has been cleaned with steel wool - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Examples of acceptable surface finishes - Machining defects
Examples of curb hit (accident) - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Examples of unacceptable surface finishes - Machining defects
Excess aluinium galvanizing bath - Coating defects
Excess aluminum in galvanizing bath - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Excess metal - Casting defects
Excessive abrasion type wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Excessive concavity - Welding defects
Excessive convexity - Welding defects
Excessive convexity - Welding defects
Excessive convexity - Welding defects
Excessive endplay - Bearing defects
Excessive loads - Bearing defects
Excessive loads - Bearing defects
Excessive loads - Bearing defects
Excessive preload or overload - Bearing defects
Excessive preload or overload - Bearing defects
Excessive preload or overload - Bearing defects
Excessive reinforcement - Welding defects
Excessive roller end heat - Bearing defects
Excessive solder - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Excessive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Excessive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Excessive wear - Machining defects
Excessive weld reinforcement - Welding defects
Excessive weld reinforcement - Welding defects
Excessively deep or weak scoreline - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Exfoliation corrosion - Fractography
Expansion scab - Casting defects
Explosion penetration - Casting defects
Extensive longitudinal crack in a stainless steel soot-blower line - Corrosion defects
External and internal surfaces of a 0.17 % C-steel billet cast without and with mould oscillation - Slab defects
External surface of economizer tube following dew-point corrosion - Corrosion defects
External wheel damage - Rail defects
Extraneous matter rolled-in - Rolling defects
Extraneous rust - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Facets - Machining defects
Fading - Coating defects
Fading - Coating defects
Fading - Coating defects
Failed camshafts - Fractography
Failed crankshaft refurbishment - Fractography
Failed over-austenitized A2 rotary knife - Heat treatment defects
Failed passenger vehicle driveshaft - Fractography
Failure Analysis of Fire Suppression System Water Pipe - Corrosion defects
Failure along a massive manufacturing defect in the tube wall - Corrosion defects
Failure of a cage and roller assembly - Bearing defects
Failure of a femoral stem in a total hip prosthesis device - Fractography
Failure of a long I-beam. - Fractography - Rail defects
Failure of a piston in a marine engine - Fractography
Failure of a powder metal gear box synchronizer ring - Fractography
Failure of a steam turbine - Fractography
Failure of a work roll of a thin strip rolling mill - Roll defects
Failure of bolts in a radar antenna system reflector joint - Fractography
Failure of cutting tools - Machining defects
Failure of dissimilar metal welds (dmw) in steam-cooled boiler tubes - Fractography
Failure of north-sea ferry engine bolts - Fractography
Failure of power harrow input shaft - Fractography
Failure of power input shaft on a cement mill - Fractography
Failure of vehicle fuel rail - Fractography
Failure of wax barrier coat - Coating defects
Failures from ineffective sealing - Bearing defects
Failures from the passage of electric current - Bearing defects
Failures from vibration - Bearing defects
Faint-sliver - Rolling defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling - Bearing defects
False brinelling occurs on rolling surface - Bearing defects
False brinelling occurs on the raceway - Bearing defects
False brinelling occurs on the raceway - Bearing defects
False brinelling of raceway surface at ball pitch - Bearing defects
False porosity - Polishing defects
False position caused by incompatibility of the flux - Powder coating - Coating defects
False seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Fat-arrears after pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Fatigue - Bearing defects
Fatigue breakage - Gear defects - Other defects
Fatigue crack - Fractography
Fatigue crack - Gear defects - Other defects
Fatigue crack - Gear defects - Other defects
Fatigue crack nucleation - Fractography
Fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Fatigue cracks - Rail defects
Fatigue cracks in 1 1/4-in.?diam hollow rock-drill steel - Tool steels - Fractography
Fatigue failure (pitting) - Gear defects - Other defects
Fatigue failure of gear - Fractography
Fatigue fracture - Rail defects
Fatigue fracture emanating from pit - Gear defects - Other defects
Fatigue or flaking (defect shown 2 - 3 mm) ? unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fatigue or flaking ? unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fatigue spall - Bearing defects
Fatigue striations - Fractography
Fatique - Bearing defects
Fatique fracture - Bearing defects
Faulty sealing compound I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Faulty sealing compound II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
FeZn layer - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Feather - Heat treatment defects
Feather - Rolling defects
Feather after SPM - Rolling defects
Feathering - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Feathering/feather - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Feathering/feather - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Feathering/feather - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Feed rollers - Tool steels - Fractography
Feedwater supply could not meet boiler demand - Corrosion defects
Fibers at the reclaim - Powder coating - Coating defects
Fibers in the powder coating surface - Powder coating - Coating defects
Filiform - Coating defects
Fillet - Casting defects
Fillet - Casting defects
Fillet scabs - Casting defects
Film build varies - Powder coating - Coating defects
Film thickness too high (ornateness) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Film thickness too low - Powder coating - Coating defects
Filter residues cause powder spitters - Powder coating - Coating defects
Fin - Ingot defects
Fine, striated grooves on front face of final-stage turbine blade caused by water-droplet impingement - Corrosion defects
Fingerprint corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Finning - Casting defects
Fins - Drawing defects
Fins - Ingot defects
Fins and laps - Rolling defects
Fire crack marks - Ingot defects
Fire crack transfer marks - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Fire cracks - Rolling defects
Fire-crack - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Fire-side corrosion - Corrosion defects
Fish scale crack - Drawing defects
Fish-boning - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Fish-tail - Rolling defects
Fishbone diagram - Heat treatment defects
Fishtail mark - Rolling defects
Fishtails - Hot rolling defects
Flakes - Forging defects
Flakes - Roll defects
Flakes of scale - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Flaking (spalling) - Bearing defects
Flaking - Coating defects
Flaking - Coating defects
Flaking - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Flaking - Rail defects
Flaking - Rail defects
Flaking - Rail defects
Flaking caused by axial compression - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by deep seated rust - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by deep seated rust - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by fluting or craters - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by fluting or craters - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by indentations - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by misalignment - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by oval compression - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by preloading - Bearing defects
Flaking caused by smearing - Bearing defects
Flaking occurs around half of the circumference of the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Flaking occurs diagonally along raceway - Bearing defects
Flaking of ball surface - Bearing defects
Flaking of only one raceway over its entire circumference - Bearing defects
Flaking of only one raceway over its entire circumference - Bearing defects
Flaking of only one row of raceway - Bearing defects
Flaking of raceway at ball pitch - Bearing defects
Flaking of raceway at ball pitch - Bearing defects
Flaking of raceway at ball pitch - Bearing defects
Flaking or delamination of coating - Coating defects
Flaking/spalling - Gear defects - Other defects
Flame-cut edge defects - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Flange burrs - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Flank wear - Machining defects
Flanking - Coating defects
Flash - Ingot defects
Flash - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Flash defect - Casting defects
Flash residue/Zinc wrap-around - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Flash using cores - Defects in patterns related to the use of ceramic, etc. - Other defects
Flash/casting - Casting defects
Flash/core - Casting defects
Flashes - Casting defects
Flashing - Coating defects
Flat coil - Rolling defects
Flat roll scratch - 1.4401 steel - Cold drawing defects
Flat roll scratch - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Flatness - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Flatness defects - Rolling defects
Flattened rail - Rail defects
Flattened rail - Rail defects
Fleck scale - Rolling defects
Flecking - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Flocculation - Coating defects
Flooding - Coating defects
Flotation - Coating defects
Flow lines/Knit lines - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Flowed rail - Rail defects
Fluid - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Fluid drop - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Fluidization - the powder has to flow like water - Powder coating - Coating defects
Flush - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Fluted body - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Fluting - Bearing defects
Fluting - Bearing defects
Fluting occurs on the raceway surface (High frequency) - Bearing defects
Fluting occurs on the raceway surface (High frequency) - Bearing defects
Flux inclusions - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Flux stains - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Flux stains deposits and inclusions - Coating defects
Fly-Ash erosion - Corrosion defects
Flying wing - Rolling defects
Fold - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Fold - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Fold - Rolling defects
Fold - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Fold over - Drawing defects
Folded strip edges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Folded strip edges - Rolling defects
Folds - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Foot imprint - Rolling defects
Forced fracture - Bearing defects
Foreign contamination inside - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Foreign material - Polishing defects
Foreign material in the surface - 1.7225 steel - Cold drawing defects
Foreign metal particles - Drawing defects
Foreign object damage of turbine blades - Fractography
Foreign particles in coating - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Forging dies - Tool steel defects
Fork pad wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Fork shoe wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Formation of friction martensite at the drawing - 1.6582 steel - Cold drawing defects
Fracture and cracking - Bearing defects
Fracture occurs at the cone back face rib - Bearing defects
Fracture occurs at the large rib - Bearing defects
Fracture occurs at the outer ring rib - Bearing defects
Fracture of a car?s drive shaft - Fractography
Fracture of a tyre starting from a service weld - Rail defects
Fracture of a tyre starting from corrosion pits in the bore - Rail defects
Fracture of machined high-tension brass cage - Bearing defects
Fracture of pressed-steel cage-pocket - Bearing defects
Fracture ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fracture ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fractured bottom profile - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Fractured seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Fractured wheel - Rail defects
Fractures and cracking - Bearing defects
Fretting - Bearing defects
Fretting - Bearing defects
Fretting corrosion (sun pinion) - Gear defects - Other defects
Fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Fretting corrosion bands - Bearing defects
Fretting occurs on the bore surface - Bearing defects
Fretting occurs on the raceway surface at roller pitch intervals - Bearing defects
Fretting on one race of each bearing - Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fretting on outer diameter - Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Fretting wear - Fractography
Fretting wear of raceway and stepped wear on the rib face - Bearing defects
Frictional oxidation - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Frosted raceway surface - Bearing defects
Frosting - Gear defects - Other defects
Frosting I - Gear defects - Other defects
Frosting II - Gear defects - Other defects
Full-scale CRB smearing test program I - Bearing defects
Full-scale CRB smearing test program II - Bearing defects
Full-scale CRB smearing test program III - Bearing defects
Furnace roll pimples - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Furrowing - Gear defects - Other defects
Fusion - Casting defects
Fusion weld joint - Welding defects
GaS metal arc welding (GMAW) - Welding defects
Galling - Bearing defects
Galling - Tool steel defects
Gaps - Polishing defects
Gas - Casting defects
Gas holes - Casting defects
Gas porosity - Casting defects
Gas porosity - Casting defects
Gas porosity - Casting defects
Gas porosity - Casting defects
Gas porosity - Casting defects
Gas pressure welds - Rail defects
Gas trapping - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Gauge-corner shelling - Rail defects
Gear micropitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Gear surface-temper failure - Gear defects - Other defects
Geometric pattern - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Geometric stress conc. (GSC) spalling - Bearing defects
Geometric stress concentration (GSC) spalling - Bearing defects
Gloss difference - Coating defects
Gouging - Pipeline defects
Gouging along internal surface opposite fins - Corrosion defects
Grain boundary attack - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Grain boundary attack - 1.4303 steel - Cold drawing defects
Graining - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Graining - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Grainy appearance/spangling - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Graphite degradation - Machining defects
Graphitic corrosion - Corrosion defects
Gray coating due to processing - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Gray coating due to temperature differences - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Grease or dirt pits - Other defects
Greying caused by cleaning compounds - Powder coating - Coating defects
Grinder's scorch - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Grinding - Rail defects
Grinding burn - Machining defects
Grinding burns - Machining defects
Grinding crack on hard chromed steel shaft - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - 0.70C-0.40Si-2.15Mn-1.15Cr-1.15Mo steel - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Gear defects - Other defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Machining defects
Grinding cracks - Other defects
Grinding cracks - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Grinding cracks and holes - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Grinding cracks caused by failure to temper a part - Machining defects - Fractography
Grinding cracks in AISI G-3500 gray iron - Machining defects
Grinding cracks-3% Cr cold work tool steel - Machining defects
Grinding cracks-network - Machining defects
Grinding damage - Casting defects
Grinding defect I - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Grinding defect II - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Grinding failure of 1.2842 tool steel - Steel tool defects
Grinding marks - Rolling defects
Grinding marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Grinding train - Rail defects
Grinding vs. time - Rail defects
Grinning - Coating defects
Grinning - Coating defects
Gripper die - Tool steels - Fractography
Grit inclusions - Coating defects
Groove (scratches) - Polishing defects
Groove (scratches) - Polishing defects
Groove defect by shelling at the roll - 1.7139 steel - Cold drawing defects
Groove defect, excessive degradation, tunnel defect - Welding defects
Grooved or flaky surface - ESR ingot defects
Grooves - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Grooving and perforation of a slanted tube resulting from corrosive water dripping from above - Corrosion defects
Grooving on pendant U-bend superheater leg caused by steam leaking through a corrosion-fatigue crack at the U-bend - Corrosion defects
Gross cracks - Tool steel defects
Growth - Coating defects
Guide marks - Hot rolling defects
Haloes - Coating defects
Handling and installation damage - Bearing defects
Handling damage - Casting defects
Handling damage resulting in nicks in the raceways ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Handling damage to the cage ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Handling damage to the roller body ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Hardening stress crack - 1.7035 steel - Cold drawing defects
Haze - Coating defects
Haze - Polishing defects
Head and web separation - Rail defects
Head and web separation - Rail defects
Head check - Rail defects
Head checking - Rail defects
Head checks - Rail defects
Head checks - Rail defects
Head cracks - Rail defects
Header dies used for hot-heading of bolts - Tool steels - Fractography
Heat buckle - Rolling defects
Heat checked surface of failed hot work die steel after extensive service - Fractography
Heat checking - Tool steel defects
Heat checking - Tool steel defects
Heat checking and chipping - Tool steel defects
Heat checking damage - Tool steel defects
Heat checking test - Tool steel defects
Heat crack test - Fractography
Heat damage - Coating defects
Heat discoloration - Bearing defects
Heat exchanger tube - Fractography
Heat scratches - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Heavily pitted condensate line - Corrosion defects
Heavy pipe - Slab defects
Heavy scale - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Hiding power (coverage, opacity) - Paint defects - Coating defects
High cycle fatigue - Gear defects - Other defects
High flanges - Rail defects
High spots - Rolling defects
High spots and fitting practices - Bearing defects
Hob marks - Gear defects - Other defects
Hole - Cold rolling defects
Hole - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Hole - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Hole - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Hole - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Hole - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Hole - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Hole - Polishing defects
Hole - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Hole - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Hole due sliver - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Hole in the ingot surface - Ingot defects
Holes - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Holes - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Holes - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Holes - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Holes/pits on tool surface - Polishing defects
Holes/pull-out - Polishing defects
Hollow tread - Rail defects
Hook - Slab defects
Hooks - Slab defects
Horizontal cracking - Rail defects
Horizontal cracking defects - Rail defects
Horizontal split head - Rail defects
Horizontal split head - Rail defects
Hot cracks - Ingot defects
Hot forging cracks in X90CrMoV18 steel discs - Forging defects
Hot indentations - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Hot mill folds - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Hot short - Bearing defects
Hot spots - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Hot spots - Rail defects
Hot strip scratches - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Hot strip, pickling and cold strip scratches - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Hot tear - Casting defects
Hot tear - Casting defects
Hot tear defects - Casting defects
Hot tearing - Casting defects
Hot tears - Casting defects
Hot tears - Casting defects
Hot tears - Casting defects
Hot tears - Casting defects
Hot tears in part - Casting defects
Hot tears, cold cracks - Casting defects
Hot-shortness - Hot rolling defects
Hot-strip scratches - Rolling defects
Housing bearing bore wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Hydrogen damage - Corrosion defects
Hydrogen damage - Corrosion defects
Hydrogen embrittlement - Fractography
Hydrogen flakes - Fractography
Hydrogen-induced cracks - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Hydrogen-induced delayed cracking - Welding defects
Hydroid ? Tubularia - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Ident - Cold rolling defects
Idle-time corrosion occurring beneath refractory - Corrosion defects
Images of the final surfaces of material ESR - Polishing defects
Impact damage - Coating defects
Impact damage - Coating defects
Impact load - Flaking at intervals on ball pitch - Bearing defects
Imperfect shape - Welding defects
Imprint - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Improper adjustment - Seizure at roller end surface - Bearing defects
Improper adjustment - Smearing - Bearing defects
Improper feeding of stock - Tool steels - Fractography
Improper fit - Creep - Bearing defects
Improper fit - Fretting corrosion - Bearing defects
Improper fit - Scuffing - Bearing defects
Improper fit in housings or shafts - Bearing defects
Improper handling - Bearing defects
Improper installation - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Improper lubrication - Heat discoloration - Bearing defects
Improper lubrication - Scuffing - Bearing defects
Improper lubrication - Wear - Bearing defects
Improper mounting - Bearing defects
Improper shifting I - Gear defects - Other defects
Improper shifting II - Gear defects - Other defects
Improper tire mounting lubricant - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Improper weld contour - Welding defects
Impurity - Drawing defects
Inadequate annealing - Heat treatment defects
Inadequate lubrication - Bearing defects
Inadequate lubrication I - Gear defects - Other defects
Inadequate lubrication II - Gear defects - Other defects
Inadequate zinc adhesion (Cold adhesion) - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Inappropriate basket-pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Inclusion defect - Casting defects
Inclusion defect - Casting defects
Inclusion origin spalling - Bearing defects
Inclusion origin spalling - Bearing defects
Inclusions - Casting defects
Inclusions of pickle and flux residues - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
Inclusions trapped in a spherical sand trap - Casting defects
Incompatible coatings - Coating defects
Incomplete bottom profile - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Incomplete burn-out - Casting defects
Incomplete curl - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Incomplete flange I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Incomplete flange II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Incomplete fusion - Welding defects
Incomplete fusion - Welding defects
Incomplete joint penetration - Welding defects
Incomplete penetration & excessive penetration - Welding defects
Incorect coating system I - Coating defects
Incorect coating system II - Coating defects
Incorrect grease - Bearing defects
Incorrect installation - Bearing defects
Indentation - Bearing defects
Indentation - Forging defects
Indentation Brinelling - Marginal - Bearing defects
Indentation marks - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Indentations - Maximum permissible - Bearing defects
Indentations and protuberances - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Indentations caused by faulty mounting or overloading - Bearing defects
Indentations caused by foreign particles - Bearing defects
Indentations caused by scale of external origin - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Indentations occurring during cold forming - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Indentations occurring during hot forming - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Indentations on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Indentations ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Indentats by handling - Bearing defects
Industrial fallout - Paint defects - Coating defects
Infiltration caused by an insufficient pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Infiltration caused by chemical exposure - Powder coating - Coating defects
Influence of anvil shape of surface crack generation in large hot forging process - Forging defects
Influence of cutting speed in turned surfaces - Machining defects
Influencing parameters during the polishing process - Polishing defects
Ingot cracks - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 1.1. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 1.2. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 2.1. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 2.2. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 3.1. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 3.2. - Ingot defects
Ingot surface ? Ingot 4.1. - Ingot defects
Ingot surfaces - Ingot defects
Ingot with good surface quality - Ingot defects
Ingot with good surface quality - Ingot defects
Initial (corrective) pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Initial pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Initial pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Initial scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Inner ring fretting both sides ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Inner ring fretting one side ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Insect marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Installation damage around location pin hole ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Insufficient degreasing - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Insufficient overlap - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Insufficient pickling - Rolling defects
Insufficient solder - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Insufficient wet out caused by corrision - Powder coating - Coating defects
Insufficient wet out caused by oilcoal - Powder coating - Coating defects
Insufficient wet out of the substrate - Powder coating - Coating defects
Inter columnar crack - Slab defects
Intercoat contamination - Coating defects
Intercrystalline corrosion - 1.4105 steel - Cold drawing defects
Intergranular crack resulting from hydrogen embrittlement - Other defects
Intergranular cracks - Hard chome coating - Coating defects
Internal and central cracks - Slab defects
Internal defects - Slab defects
Internal quality - Slab defects
Internal surface of condensate line - Corrosion defects
Internal surface of downcomer tube showing oxygen-assisted chelant corrosion - Corrosion defects
Inverted inside coating - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Iron oxide - Corrosion defects
Iron oxide - Polishing defects
Iron particles - Cold rolling defects
Irregular Shells - Rolling defects
Irregularly distributed short, comma-shaped scratches - Machining defects
Jaggedness associated with severe acid corrosion - Corrosion defects
Joint flash defect - Casting defects
Jumped seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Key tab not properly tucked - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Key tab seamed to inside - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Knocked-down curl - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Knocked-down end - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Knocked-down flange - Metal can defects - Coating defects
LMAC - Coating defects
LMAC - Welding defects
Lack of alloying penetration - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Lack of lubrication - Fractography
Lack of lubrication - Gear defects - Other defects
Laminated plate - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Lamination - Casting defects
Lamination - Cold rolling defects
Lamination - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Lamination - Tinning - Rolling defects
Laminations - Rolling defects
Laminations - Rolling defects
Laminations or shelling - Coating defects
Laminations, surface shelling or hackles - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Landscape pattern - Rolling defects
Landslid - Pipeline defects
Lap formation in a hot forging - Forging defects
Lapped grinding I - Pipeline defects
Lapping tracks - Polishing defects
Laps - Drawing defects
Laps - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Laps - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Laps - Hot rolling defects
Laps - Rolling defects
Large non-metallic inclusions - Welding defects
Large nonmetallic inclusions - Forging defects
Large spalls - Bearing defects
Large voids - Hard chrome defects - Coating defects
Large wall section blown out of a hydrogen-damaged tube from a 2075-psi (14.3-MPa) boiler - Corrosion defects
Large, fish-mouth rupture of rifled nose-arch tube - Corrosion defects
Large, wide-open rupture in a superheater tube of a waste-heat boiler - Corrosion defects
Laser cutting edge defects - Machining defects
Lateral (gauge corner) wear - Rail defects
Layer of lustrous carbon bonded sand - Casting defects
Leaker - Casting defects
Letter stamp die - Tool steels - Fractography
Light wear/fretting ? Acceptable - Bearing defects
Light wear/fretting ? Marginal - Bearing defects
Line-stop fault - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Lines with strong pickling attack - 1.4401 steel - Cold drawing defects
Lip fractures - Bearing defects
Liquid-metal assisted cracking - Fractography
List of anodizing defects - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Localized metal loss in a bend of a condensate return header - Corrosion defects
Localized scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Location of limiting dimensions - Rail defects
Location of limiting dimensions - Rail defects
Long-pitch corrugations - Rail defects
Longitudinal and transverse cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal and oblique cracks, corroded steel rebars on Jarry wharf - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal and transverse fissures near rolled end - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal bow - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Longitudinal cavity - Slab defects
Longitudinal corner cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal crack along the side of a 90? bend in an economizer tube - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal crack - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Longitudinal crack - Rolling defects
Longitudinal crack repairing - Slab defects
Longitudinal crack, transverse crack, blowholes and scabs, star crack - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracking - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Longitudinal cracks - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Longitudinal cracks - Rolling defects
Longitudinal cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal cracks on surface and edge areas - Ingot defects
Longitudinal cross section - Rail defects
Longitudinal depressions - Slab defects
Longitudinal facial crack (LFC) - Slab defects
Longitudinal fissure adjacent to stud - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal fissure running from the edge of a large, wide-open rupture. - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal fissures along hot side - Corrosion defects
Longitudinal fractures - Slab defects
Longitudinal line defect - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Longitudinal pitting - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Longitudinal scoring - Ingot defects
Longitudinal scoring - Ingot defects
Longitudinal shell stripes - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Longitudinal splitting - Heat treatment defects
Longitudinal surface crack - Slab defects
Longitudinal surface cracks - Hot rolling defects
Longitudinal surface cracks - Slab defects
Longitudinal vertical cracking - Rail defects
Longitudinally split blowdown line with severe localized metal loss caused by cavitation - Corrosion defects
Loose coils - Rolling defects
Loose fits - Bearing defects
Loose fits - Bearing defects
Loose seams - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Loss of adhesion - Coating defects
Loss of gloss/matting - Paint defects - Coating defects
Loss of section - Coating defects
Low cycle fatigue (over load) - Gear defects - Other defects
Low-pH gouging - Corrosion defects
Lubricant degradation - Bearing defects
Lubricant failure - Bearing defects
Lubricant failure - Bearing defects
Lubricant failure - Bearing defects
Lug/mould damage - Casting defects
Lump - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Lumps - Casting defects
Lustrous carbon film - Casting defects
Lustrous carbon films - Casting defects
Luders bands - Drawing defects
M-Defect - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
M-defects - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
M-defects - Rolling defects
M35-1 valve - Casting defects
Machining defect caused by thread forming - Machining defects
Machining surface defect - AISI 1215 steel - Machining defects
Macro and micro inclusion tests - Slab defects
Macroetching samples bloom ? billet ? bar - Slab defects
Macroetching samples bloom ? billet ? bar - Slab defects
Macroinclusion - Rolling defects
Macropitting - Bearing defects
Magnetism - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Magnetite blisters - Corrosion defects
Malformed or incomplete abuse bead - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Manufacturing defect - Fractography
Manufacturing defects - Rail defects
Many pits occur due to electrical corrosion and waveshaped wear on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Massive rupture of tube along a weld-seam defect - Corrosion defects
Massive ruptures - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Massive ruptures - Rolling defects
Massive thick-walled fracture caused by creep - Corrosion defects
Mechanical damage - 1.7225 steel - Cold drawing defects
Mechanical damage - Coating defects
Mechanical damage - Drawing defects
Mechanical damage - Pipeline defects
Mechanical damage - Pipeline defects
Mechanical damage - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Mechanical damage defect - Casting defects
Mechanical damage of the surface - 1.7076 steel - Cold drawing defects
Mechanical defect - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Mechanical deformation - Pipeline defects
Mechanical fault - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Mechanical indentations - Slab defects
Medium scale (scale pits) - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Melting - Other defects
Metal dusting I - Corrosion defects
Metal dusting II - Corrosion defects
Metal dusting III - Corrosion defects
Metal expansion penetration - Casting defects
Metal fin - ESR ingot defects
Metal loss - Pipeline defects
Metal loss from strong acid - Corrosion defects
Metal loss from the external surface near a longitudinally oriented fin - Corrosion defects
Metal particles oxidate at the cleaning - Powder coating - Coating defects
Metal penetration - Casting defects
Metal penetration - Casting defects
Metal splashes - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Metalic projection - Casting defects
Metallic chrome plated surface - Coating defects
Metallic impurities - Coating defects
Metallic paint clouding - Coating defects
Methods for preventing defect propagation - Rolling defects
Micro-pitting (frosting) - Gear defects - Other defects
Micropitting and macropitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Micropitting/macropitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Microstructure of hot-dip galvanized coating - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Mid-face panel crack - Ingot defects
Mild abrasion - Gear defects - Other defects
Mild abrasion - Gear defects - Other defects
Mild polishing wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Mill defects - Rail defects
Mill scale - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Mill/constr. defects - Pipeline defects
Milling cutter - Tool steels - Fractography
Mis runs and cold shuts - Casting defects
Mis-locked side seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Mis-notch - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Misaligned brake gear - Rail defects
Misalignment (inclination of bearings) - Flaking on oppossite faces raceway - Bearing defects
Misalignment (inclination of bearings) - Retainer broken - Bearing defects
Misalignment (inclination of bearings) - Symmetrical fretting - Bearing defects
Misalignment - Bearing defects
Misalignment - Bearing defects
Misalignment - Bearing defects
Misalignment - Bearing defects
Misalignment and inaccurate seat and shoulder machining - Bearing defects
Misalignment failure - Casting defects
Misembossing - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Mishandling - Dents on retainer - Bearing defects
Mishandling - Flaking at intervals on roller pitch - Bearing defects
Mishandling - Scratches/scuffing - Bearing defects
Mishandling - Scuffing on bore surface - Bearing defects
Mismatch - Casting defects
Mismatch - Casting defects
Mismatch - Casting defects
Mismatches - Casting defects
Misrun - Casting defects
Misrun - Casting defects
Misrun in part - Casting defects
Misses/skips/holidays - Coating defects
Missing topcoat - Coating defects
Moderate adhesive wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Moderate scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Moderate scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Moderate wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Moderate wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Moisture blisters - Paint defects - Coating defects
Moisture corrosion - Bearing defects
Moisture corrosion - Bearing defects
Mold burned onto ingot 1.1. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 1.2. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 2.1. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 2.2. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 3.1. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 3.2. - Ingot defects
Mold burned onto ingot 4.1. - Ingot defects
Mold surfaces of the molds - Tool steel defects
Molding material defects - Casting defects
Mortar residues on the powder coat layer (microscope view) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Mortar residues on the powder coat layer - Powder coating - Coating defects
Most common defects of tools - Forging defects
Most often production defects - Bearing defects
Mould damage - Casting defects
Mould or core gasses - Casting defects
Mould or core gasses - Casting defects
Mud cracking - Coating defects
Mud cracking - Coating defects
Multiple cracks - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Multiple cracks - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Multiple spall - Bearing defects
Multiple, abrupt bulges on the hot face of a waterwall tube of a recovery boiler - Corrosion defects
NDT techniques for the rail industry - Rail defects
Necked-in can - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Neglect - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Newly grinded rails - Rail defects
Nicked rail - Rail defects
No adhesion of the top coat caused by directed heated gas oven - Powder coating - Coating defects
No earthing at multi coated hooks - Powder coating - Coating defects
No second operation - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Non fill - Casting defects
Non-fill - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Non-fill using cores - Defects in patterns related to the use of ceramic, etc. - Other defects
Non-metallic inclusion - Casting defects
Non-metallic inclusions - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Non-metallic inclusions - Slab defects
Normal dedendum wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Normal fatigue - Bearing defects
Normal fatigue failure - Bearing defects
Normal fatique failure - Bearing defects
Normal wear - Bearing defects
Normal wear - Bearing defects
Notable fretting occurs over entire circumference of bore surface - Bearing defects
Notcher trim still attached - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Nozzle smears (knife smears) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Nozzle streaks (knife marks) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Nut tap failures - Tool steels - Fractography
Off register body blank coating - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Off-corner panel cracks - Ingot defects
Offset spalling - Gear defects - Other defects
Oil coating odd - Rolling defects
Oil contamination - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Oil mark - Rolling defects
Oil marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Oil stain - Rolling defects
Oil starvation - Bearing defects
Oil-ash corrosion - Corrosion defects
Oilcoal caused by welding work - Powder coating - Coating defects
Old joints - Pipeline defects
Old muffle design - Other defects
One-side edge waves - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Open or weak lap - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Open weld - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Orange peel - Casting defects
Orange peel - Casting defects
Orange peel - Casting defects
Orange peel - Casting defects
Orange peel - Coating defects
Orange peel - Coating defects
Orange peel - Coating defects
Orange peel - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Orange peel - Polishing defects
Orange peel - Polishing defects
Orange peel - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Orange peel - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Orange peel effect - Drawing defects
Orange peel effect - Powder coating - Coating defects
Orange peel/texture - Paint defects - Coating defects
Orange peeling - Coating defects
Ordinary crack - Pipeline defects
Organic material is pressed into the strip - Coating defects
Origin is directly beneath the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Oscillation marks - Slab defects
Oscillation marks - Slab defects
Oscillation marks - Slab defects
Oscillation marks I - Slab defects
Oscillation marks II - Slab defects
Oscillation marks on the surface - Slab defects
Oscillation marks, hook - Slab defects
Other rolled-in extraneous matter - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Out of round wheels - Rail defects
Out-of-square body - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Outer ring fracture - Bearing defects
Outside diameter corrosion ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Outside surface crack developing on the raceway - Bearing defects
Outside tower - Rolling defects
Ovality - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Over heating - Bearing defects
Over pickled - Rolling defects
Overblast - Casting defects
Overfill, flipper, springer, and swell - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Overfilled - Hot rolling defects
Overfilling - Bearing defects
Overheated wheels - Rail defects
Overheated wheels - Rail defects
Overheating - Bearing defects
Overheating - Bearing defects
Overheating - Bearing defects
Overlap - Welding defects
Overlap - Welding defects
Overlap - Welding defects
Overlap - Welding defects
Overlap - Welding defects
Overlap and fishtail - Rolling defects
Overlap by an surface near slag - 1.4105 steel - Cold drawing defects
Overlapping - Bearing defects
Overlay fatigue - Bearing defects
Overload - Bearing defects
Overload breakage - Gear defects - Other defects
Overnitrided surface of 1.2379 steel - Steel tool defects
Overpickled surface - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Overspray - Coating defects
Overspray - Coating defects
Oxidation test - Corrosion defects
Oxide - Casting defects
Oxide film - Slab defects
Oxide lines - Coating defects
Oxide lines - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Oxide scale - Rolling defects
Oxide scaleon the surface - Rolling defects
Oxyacetylene welding - Welding defects
Oxygen pits in section of superheater tube - Corrosion defects
Oxygen pits on internal surface - Corrosion defects
Oxygen pitting on the external surface of fire tube - Corrosion defects
Panel cracks - Ingot defects
Panelling - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Paper corrosion I - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Paper corrosion II - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Parallel band impression - Cold rolling defects
Parallel grinding cracks - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Part of a thick-walled rupture in a superheater tube - Corrosion defects
Partial smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Partial smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Patch of hard iron oxides on internal surface - Corrosion defects
Patchy/streaky phosphatizing - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Peak/raising - Polishing defects
Peaked can - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Peeled chrome - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Peeled chrome - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Peeling - Bearing defects
Peeling - Coating defects
Peeling - Coating defects
Peeling - Paint and coating defects
Peeling - flaking - Coating defects
Peeling chrome - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Peeling defect - Rolling defects
Peeling occurs near the shoulder of the raceway over the entire circumference - Bearing defects
Peeling problems - Paint defects - Coating defects
Penetration - Casting defects
Penetration - Casting defects
Penetration of base slab by liquid metal - Other defects
Perforation in a region of severe metal loss - Corrosion defects
Perforation resulting from corrosion of internal surface - Corrosion defects
Periodic bloom surface defect - Slab defects
Periodic defect (roll mark) - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Permanent brake block overhang - Rail defects
Permanent brake block overhang - Rail defects
Peroxide staining from hardener in polyester body filler - Paint defects - Coating defects
Phosphate marks on the cold strip face - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Phosphating layer defects - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Pick ups I - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Pick ups II - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Pick-up - Other defects
Pickle patch - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Pickling pits - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Pickling scratches - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Pickling stains - Rolling defects
Pillar fractures of pressed-steel cage - Bearing defects
Pimple sequence/pimple chain - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Pimple sequences - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Pimples - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Pimples - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Pimples or blisters - Coating defects
Pin hole - Slab defects
Pin holes - Rolling defects
Pin holes - Slab defects
Pin holes - Slab defects
Pin holing - Coating defects
Pin-Hole - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Pinch - Tandem mill inspection - Rolling defects
Pinch - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Pinch - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Pinch mark - Cold rolling defects
Pinch marks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Pinch marks/fold - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Pinch marks/folds/stripes - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Pinch tree - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Pincher - 1.2381 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.2842 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.4016 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.4104 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.4113 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pincher - 1.7076 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pinhole and bubble type defects - Coating defects
Pinhole cratering - Coating defects
Pinholes - Casting defects
Pinholes - Coating defects
Pinholes - Coating defects
Pinholes - Paint defects - Coating defects
Pinholes - Rolling defects
Pinholes - Substrate preparation - Paint defects - Coating defects
Pinholes caused by too coarse steel resources - Powder coating - Coating defects
Pinholes/porosity - Slab defects
Pinholes/porosity - Slab defects
Pipe lamination - Rolling defects
Piped rail - Rail defects
Pipeline failure - Fractography
Piston assemblies - Fractography
Pit - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Pit-shaped rust on rolling contact surface - Bearing defects
Pits/voids - Polishing defects
Pitted steel posts refurbished by galvanizing - Coating defects
Pitted surface - Roll defects
Pitting - Casting defects
Pitting - Corrosion defects
Pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Pitting - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Pitting - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Pitting - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Pitting - Pipeline defects
Pitting - Polishing defects
Pitting - Polishing defects
Pitting - Rolling defects
Pitting corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Pitting from climatic conditions - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Pitting mark - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Pitting occurs on the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Pitting occurs on the rolling element surface - Bearing defects
Pitting, scoring and galling - Gear defects - Other defects
Plain dents - Pipeline defects
Planet gear snap-ring wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Planet-bearing shaft wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Plastic deformation - Bearing defects
Plastic deformation - Bearing defects
Plastic deformation - Bearing defects
Plastic flow - Gear defects - Other defects
Plastic flow - Rail defects
Plastic flow - cold flow - Gear defects - Other defects
Plastic flow ? Ridging/Grooving - Gear defects - Other defects
Plate damage due to corrosion of base material - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Plate stain - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Plate surfaces - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Pleats - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Plug gage - Grinding cracks - Tool steels - Fractography - Machining defects
Pneumatic chisels - Tool steels - Fractography
Pocket pillar fractures from a cast iron machined cage - Bearing defects
Pockmarked contour of economizer tube exposed to condensed sulfuric acid - Corrosion defects
Point surface origin (PSO) spalling - Bearing defects
Point surface origin (PSO) spalling - Bearing defects
Pointed roll scratch - 1.8519 steel - Cold drawing defects
Polishing - Gear defects - Other defects
Polishing defect classification
Polishing drag marks - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Polishing marks - Coating defects
Polishing marks - Paint defects - Coating defects
Polishing of plastic mould steels - Polishing defects
Polishing or light wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Polishing type wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Polymer cage with fracture ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Polzyoa - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Poor (no) chromating - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor adhesion caused by direct heated gas oven - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor base - Ingot defects
Poor fluidization - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor fluidization - too much powder - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor or partial coverage - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Poor purging - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor purging, afterwards stored wet - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor purging, radiated, KTL-grounded - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor purging, radiated, KTL-grounded and coated - Powder coating - Coating defects
Poor scarfing - Slab defects
Poor wrap-around - Powder coating - Coating defects
Popping - Coating defects
Pores - Rolling defects
Pores in the filler - Coating defects
Porosity - Forged bar - Forging defects
Porosity - Rolling defects
Porosity - Welding defects
Porosity shrinkage defect - Casting defects
Porous ingot - Ingot defects
Possible combinations of mating dimple shapes resulting from different stress states - Fractography
Powder lumping in the box - Powder coating - Coating defects
Powder spitters on the cured powder surface - Powder coating - Coating defects
Pre-existing forging lap - Fractography
Pre-material defect , cracks at the billet - 1.6582 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pre-material defect on the billet - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pre-material defect, scabs - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Preboiler and afterboiler erosion - Corrosion defects
Precision forging defects - Forging defects
Premature flaking occurs axially on the rolling surfaces - Bearing defects
Pressed in rolling fin - 1.7709 steel - Cold drawing defects
Pressed-steel cage deformation - Bearing defects
Pretreatment-resistant deep-drawing greases - Powder coating - Coating defects
Primary scales due to high temperature - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Primary scales due to poor descaling - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Prime coat lift - Casting defects
Primitive alternative of an oil separator - Powder coating - Coating defects
Procrastination of the pretreatment media - Powder coating - Coating defects
Procrastination of the pretreatment-media - Powder coating - Coating defects
Products in contact - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Progressive pitting - Gear defects - Other defects
Pucker - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Puddling - Coating defects
Pull tab rivet fracture - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Pull-outs - Polishing defects
Pump cavitation - Corrosion defects
Punch tip - Tool steels - Fractography
Punches - Tool steel defects
Punching tests - Tool steel defects
Punctured - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Quench crack - Gear defects - Other defects
Quenched from an excessively high temperature - Tool steels - Fractography - Heat treatment defects
Quick reference tables of wheel defects and actions - Rail defects
RCF damage on a rail section - Rail defects
RIS mark - Rolling defects
RSJ span - Coating defects
Raceway discoloration, melting occurs at ball pitch intervals - Bearing defects
Raceway discoloration, melting occurs at ball pitch intervals - Bearing defects
Raceway is discolored and melted - Bearing defects
Raceway smearing at intervals corresponding to the roller spacing - Bearing defects
Racks - Drawing defects
Rail corrugation - Rail defects
Rail corrugations - Rail defects
Rail defects
Rail defects (14) - Rail defects
Rail grinding - Rail defects
Rain damage - water spotting - Coating defects
Random fracture - Gear defects - Other defects
Rat tail - Casting defects
Rat tail and buckles - Casting defects
Rat tails - Casting defects
Rat-tailing - Casting defects
Rattails - Casting defects
Raw material defect in torsion bar - Fractography
Re-hardened layer - Machining defects
Reactive and non - reactive steels, welded togethers - Coating defects
Reamer failure - Tool steels - Fractography
Red rust - Paint and coating defects
Red scale - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Region of caustic gouging along internal surface - Corrosion defects
Reheating problematic with thick blooms - Slab defects
Reinforcement - Welding defects
Relative motion scratches - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Relief - Polishing defects
Relief - Polishing defects
Relief - Polishing defects
Removal of zinc coating by excessive cleaning - Coating defects
Removing of original coatings - Coating defects
Repair welding and grinding - Rail defects
Repair welding of the crack - Pipeline defects
Residues on aluminum after pretreatment - Powder coating - Coating defects
Resistance welding - Welding defects
Rest of scale after the grinding - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rest of scale after the pickling - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rest of scale on the wire surface - 1.8523 steel - Cold drawing defects
Reverse loading - Bearing defects
Reverse loading - Bearing defects
Rhodophycea - Plant - Weed or algae fouling - Coating defects
Rhomboidal cross-section and off-corner cracks - Slab defects
Rib - Roller end scoring - Bearing defects
Ribs (coating sag) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Ridge-buckle defect - Rolling defects
Ridge-buckle defect - Rolling defects
Ridges - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Ridges - Drawing defects
Ridges - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Ridges - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Ridging - Gear defects - Other defects
Ridging I - Gear defects - Other defects
Ridging II - Gear defects - Other defects
Rim and web failure - Gear defects - Other defects
Rinse water corrosion - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Rinsing streaks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Rip up caused by poor metal-production - Powder coating - Coating defects
Ripple marks - Ingot defects
Ripple marks - Slab defects
Rippled coating - Coating defects
Rippled coating - Coating defects
Rippled surface - Ingot defects
Rippled surface - Ingot defects
Rippling - Gear defects - Other defects
Rippling - Gear defects - Other defects
Rippling in spiral bevel pinion - Gear defects - Other defects
Rokes - Hot rolling defects
Rokes/seams - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Rokes/seams - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Roll degradation - Roll defects
Roll imprints - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Roll imprints - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Roll mark (temper mill) - Heat treatment defects
Roll mark - Cold rolling defects
Roll mark - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Roll mark - Rolling defects
Roll mark - Rolling defects
Roll mark - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Roll mark - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Roll marks - Drawing defects
Roll marks - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Roll marks - Hot rolling defects
Roll marks - Roll defects
Roll marks - Rolling defects
Roll scratch - 1.7139 steel - Cold drawing defects
Roll shell - Tool steels - Fractography
Roll stop - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Roll tears - Tool steels - Rolling defects
Roll-in - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Rolled in extraneous material - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Rolled in foreign material - 1.7076 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rolled in foreign material - 1.7709 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rolled in scale - Cold rolling defects
Rolled in scale - Rolling defect
Rolled metal particles - Drawing defects
Rolled-in - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Rolled-in defect - Rail defects
Rolled-in dirt - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Rolled-in extraneous matter - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Rolled-in primary scale - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Rolled-in primary scale - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Rolled-in scale - 1.4003 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rolled-in scale - 1.7707 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rolled-in scale - Hot rolling defects
Rolled-in scrap - Hot rolling defects
Rolled-in secondary scale - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Rolled-inscale - Rolling defects
Rolled?in scale of external origin - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Roller end with light polishing - Acceptable - Bearing defects
Roller end with smearing ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Roller imprints - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Roller imprints - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Roller streaks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Rolling contact fatigue - Rail defects
Rolling contact fatigue - Rail defects
Rolling contact fatigue ? Bearings - Bearing defects
Rolling contact fatigue ? Gears and cam
Rolling defects
Rolling defects in steels - Coating defects
Rolling dust - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Rolling dust - Rolling defects
Rolling fin - 1.2381 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rolling fin - 1.6582 steel - Cold drawing defects
Root (wood) - Coating defects
Root crack I - Gear defects - Other defects
Rough casting surface/roughness - Casting defects
Rough casting surface/roughness - Casting defects
Rough coatings, caused by steel surface conditions - Coating defects
Rough edges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Rough edges - Rolling defects
Rough heavy coatings - Coating defects
Rough heavy coatings caused by insufficient centrifuging - Coating defects
Rough surface condition - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Rough surface condition - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Rough surface defect - Casting defects
Roughness - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Round shaped peeling pattern occurs on the center of the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Round shaped peeling pattern occurs on the center of the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Round shaped peeling pattern occurs on the center of the rolling surfaces - Bearing defects
Rubber - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Running - Coating defects
Running surface - Rail defects
Runs - Coating defects
Runs - Coating defects
Runs - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Runs - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Runs - Paint defects - Coating defects
Runs or sags - Coating defects
Runs, drainage spikes and puddling - Coating defects
Rupture - Cold rolling defects
Rupture associated with low-pH gouging - Corrosion defects
Rupture in an economizer tube caused by severe localized external-surface erosion - Corrosion defects
Rupture marks - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Rupture resulting from hydrogen damage - Corrosion defects
Ruptured division-wall tube from fluidized-bed boiler - Corrosion defects
Rust - Bearing defects
Rust - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Rust - Cold rolling defects
Rust - Corrosion defects
Rust - Rolling defects
Rust - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Rust - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Rust - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Rust after SPM - Rolling defects
Rust and coolant stains - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Rust bleeding - Coating defects
Rust bleeding - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Rust bleeding - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Rust grade 'A', 'B', 'C' (Sa 2) - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust grades 'B", 'C', 'D' (Sa 2) - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust grades 'B', 'C', 'D' (Sa 3) - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust grades 'D', 'B', 'C' (Sa 2 1/2 - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust grades 'b', 'C', 'D' (Sa 1) - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust grades - Dry abrasive blasting - Coating defects
Rust on a stainless steel pipe spool piece - Corrosion defects
Rust on a stainless steel plate - Corrosion defects
Rust on raceway surface at ball pitch - Bearing defects
Rust on raceway surface at roller pitch - Bearing defects
Rust on the rib face and raceway surface - Bearing defects
Rust rashing - Coating defects
Rust rashing - Coating defects
Rust scars - 1.7077 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rust scars and corrosion - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Rust spotting - Coating defects
Rust spotting - Coating defects
Rust staining - Coating defects
Rust staining - Coating defects
Rust streak - Rail defects
Rust tables - Coating defects
Rusted surface - Roll defects
Rusting - Coating defects
SEM ductile fracture surface - Fractography
SPI mold finishing guide - Polishing defects
SPM_II - Cold rolling defects
Sagging - Coating defects
Sagging - Coating defects
Sags - Coating defects
Salt spray testing of as-processed black Ni-P - Coating defects
Sampling method - Slab defects
Sand - Hot rolling defects
Sand burning - Casting defects
Sand drop defect - Casting defects
Sand embedded in casting - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Sand embedded in castings - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Sand fur - Casting defects
Sand hole defects - Casting defects
Sand inclusion - Casting defects
Sand inclusion - Casting defects
Sand inclusion - Casting defects
Sand inclusions - Casting defects
Sand inclusions - Casting defects
Sand inclusions - Casting defects
Sanding marks - Coating defects
Sanding marks - Substrate preparation - Paint defects - Coating defects
Sanding marks - Topcoats - Paint defects - Coating defects
Saponification - Coating defects
Saponification - Coating defects
Scab - Cold rolling defects
Scab - Forging defects
Scab - Ingot defects
Scab I - Rolling defects
Scab II - Rolling defects
Scab block - Casting defects
Scab block - Casting defects
Scab on the surface - 1.7034 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scab out of foreign material - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scab-like defect - Rolling defects
Scabs - Rolling defects
Scabs on the surface - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scabs on the surface - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scale (Types C3 and C5) - Rolling defects
Scale - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Scale - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Scale - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Scale - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Scale - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Scale - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Scale - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Scale defects - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Scale on the chrome surface - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Scale pattern - Rolling defects
Scale pits (oit marks) - Forging defects
Scale pits with grain boundary oxidation - 1.4303 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scale pits/scabs - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Scale pits/scabs - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Scale residues - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Scale residues - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Scale scars through too long annealing time - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scale, scratch, planarity - Slab defects
Scales - Rolling defects
Scarfed surface - Slab defects
Scarfing - Slab defects
Scars - Drawing defects
Scars - Rolling defects
Scars, holes, bubbles, inclusions, iron oxide scale, roll printing, edge cracking, scratches, scrapes - Rolling defects
Scattered porosity - Welding defects
Schematic of sampling to observe hooks - Slab defects
Scintillation (splash) - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Scored - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Scoring - Bearing defects
Scoring - Bearing defects
Scoring - Gear defects - Other defects
Scoring and peeling - Bearing defects
Scoring on large rib face of inner ring - Bearing defects
Scoring on roller end face - Bearing defects
Scoring on the face of inner ring rib - Bearing defects
Scoring on the pressedsteel cage pockets - Bearing defects
Scoring on the rib face of inner ring - Bearing defects
Scoring on the roller end face - Bearing defects
Scoring on the roller end face - Bearing defects
Scrap mark - Rolling defects
Scrap-in-die marks - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Scrap-in-die marks I - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Scrap-in-die marks II - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Scratch - Cold rolling defects
Scratch - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Scratch - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Scratch - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Scratch - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Scratch - Tinning - Rolling defects
Scratch after grinding - 1.4104 steel - Cold drawing defects
Scratch in cold rolled steel strip - Rolling defects
Scratch marks - Other defects
Scratches - Drawing defects
Scratches - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Scratches - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Scratches - Paint defects - Coating defects
Scratches - Polishing defects
Scratches - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Scratches, grooves and gouges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Scratches, grooves and gouges - Rolling defects
Scratches, side flow, pile-up, microchips - AISI steel 4340 - Machining defects
Scratches/ Abrasion marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Scratches/grooves - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Scratching - Gear defects - Other defects
Scuffing (high-speed stage pinion) - Gear defects - Other defects
Scuffing - Bearing defects
Scuffing of gear tooth surfaces - Gear defects - Other defects
Sea water corrosion - Corrosion defects
Sealing layer defects - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Seam - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Seam defect (top tube) - Corrosion defects
Seam defect - Rolling defects
Seam defect in steam line - Corrosion defects
Seam inclusions - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Seams - Drawing defects
Seams - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Seams - Hot rolling defects
Seams - Rolling defects
Seams and laps - Welding defects
Seams and slivers - Rolling defects
Seams or scars - Casting defects
Secondary scales (drag/comet type) from coil box - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Secondary scales due to poor descaling - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Segregation - Casting defects
Segregational streaking - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Seized bearing - Gear defects - Other defects
Seizure - Bearing defects
Self-locking nut - Corrosion defects
Semibright hard chromium plate - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Serrated edge - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Settlement - Coating defects
Settlement - Coating defects
Several prominent bulges - Corrosion defects
Severe abrasion - Gear defects - Other defects
Severe corrosion at pipe support - Corrosion defects
Severe fire-side metal loss on waterwall tubes - Corrosion defects
Severe graphitic corrosion of a gray cast iron feedwater-pump impeller - Corrosion defects
Severe pitting on above-grade riser - Corrosion defects
Severe surface wrinkling - Casting defects
Severe thermal oxidation and spalling of magnetite on external surface - Corrosion defects
Severe wear/fretting ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Severely corroded flange bolt - Corrosion defects
Shaft fatique failure - Tool steels - Fractography
Shape defects - Causes - Slab defects
Shape wave - Heat treatment defects
Sharpened slag line - 1.8519 steel - Cold drawing defects
Shear cracks at a pressed part - 1.5513 steel - Cold drawing defects
Shear knife - Tool steels - Fractography
Sheared edge defect - Rolling defects
Sheared edge defects - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Sheared edge defects - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Sheared edge defects - Rolling defects
Shearing burrs - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Sheet wrench mark - Heat treatment defects
Shell - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Shell - Continuous annealing line - Rolling defects
Shell - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Shell - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Shell - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Shell - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Shell - Pickling line - Rolling defects
Shell - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Shell - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Shell - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Shell - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Shelling - Rail defects
Shelling - Rail defects
Shelling due to excessive loading - Rail defects
Shelling of the running surface - Rail defects
Shelling of the running surface - Rail defects
Shells - Drawing defects
Shells - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Shells - Hot rolling defects
Shells - Ingot defects
Shells - Rail defects
Shells - Slab defects
Shells caused by mechanical damage - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) - Welding defects
Shiny band - Rail defects
Shiny vs. dull - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Shockload failure II - Gear defects - Other defects
Shockload failures I - Gear defects - Other defects
Short flange - Rail defects
Short pitch corrugations - Rail defects
Short waviness, induced by the rolling process - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Short-pitch rail corrugation - Rail defects
Short-term overheating - Corrosion defects
Shot blast rounded - Casting defects
Shot defect - Casting defects
Shrink - gate - Casting defects
Shrink - internal - Casting defects
Shrink - surface - Casting defects
Shrinkage - Casting defects
Shrinkage - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Shrinkage cavity - Casting defects
Shrinkage cavity defect - Casting defects
Shrinkage depression defect - Casting defects
Shrinkage hole - Casting defects
Shrinkage hole - Casting defects
Shrinkage hole - Casting defects
Shrinkage hole - Casting defects
Shrinkage porosity - Casting defects
Shrinkage/edge mapping - Paint defects - Coating defects
Side seam droop - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Silicon streaks - Rolling defects
Silicon/red scales (tiger scale) - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Silver, crack, needle-like defect - Rolling defects
Single craters - Bearing defects
Sink - Casting defects
Sink mark - Casting defects
Sink, cavitation, shrink - Defects in soluble cores - Other defects
Sink, cavitation, shrink - Wax Pattern defects - Other defects
Sinks - Casting defects
Ski-ends - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Skin holes - Ingot defects
Skin lamination - Rolling defects
Skinning - Coating defects
Skip weld - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Slab corner cracks - Slab defects
Slab defects
Slab edge - Hot strip mill - Rolling defects
Slab flaws - Slab defects
Slab images - Slab defects
Slag - Casting defects
Slag - Surface conditions - Coating defects
Slag inclusion defect - Casting defects
Slag patches - Ingot defects
Slag phase - Slab defects
Slag spots - Slab defects
Slag under the surface - 1.4105 steel - Cold drawing defects
Slag under the surface - 1.7707 steel - Cold drawing defects
Slags and titanium carbides - 1.4872 steel - Cold drawing defects
Slip - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Slip mark - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Slippage tracks - Bearing defects
Sliver - Cold rolling defects
Sliver - Rolling defect
Sliver - Rolling defects
Sliver - Rolling defects
Sliver - Rolling defects
Sliver - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Sliver/seams - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Slivers - Rail defects
Slivers and cracks - Rolling defects
Slivers, cracks, blowholes - Wire-rod - Rolling defects
Slurry leakage - Casting defects
Small and large indentations occur over entire raceway surface - Bearing defects
Small and large indentations occur over the rolling surface - Bearing defects
Smashing through of the scarred surface - Powder coating - Coating defects
Smear streaks - Bearing defects
Smearing - Bearing defects
Smearing - Bearing defects
Smearing - Bearing defects
Smearing - Bearing defects
Smearing - Polishing defects
Smearing in thrust ball bearings - Bearing defects
Smearing occurs at the center of the rolling surface - Bearing defects
Smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Smearing occurs circumferentially on raceway surface - Bearing defects
Smearing of external surfaces - Bearing defects
Smearing of rollers and raceways - Bearing defects
Smearing ? Left side of this inner race illustrates smearing, unacceptable - Bearing defects
Sodium hydroxide-rich deposit - Corrosion defects
Soft vs. hard ductile particles - Contamination - Bearing defects
Solder pellets - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Soldering - Casting defects
Soldering - Casting defects
Soldering damage on a core pin - Tool steel defects
Solid abrasive was pressed into the surface - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Solid skin of a small ingot - Ingot defects
Solvent lifting - Coating defects
Solvent lifting - Coating defects
Solvent pop - Paint defects - Coating defects
Solvent popping - Coating defects
Solvent popping - Coating defects
Some defects of bearing (deformation, crack, scratch, dust) - Bearing defects
Some slab defects - Slab defects
Soot-Blower erosion - Corrosion defects
Spall - Casting defects
Spalling - Anodizing defects catalogue - Coating defects
Spalling (thru hardened gear) - Gear defects - Other defects
Spalling - Bearing defects
Spalling - Bearing defects
Spalling - Bearing defects
Spalling - Gear defects - Other defects
Spalling - Hard Cr coating I - Coating defects
Spalling - Hard Cr coating II - Coating defects
Spalling - Hard chrome coatings - Coating defects
Spalling - Rail defects
Spalling - Rail defects
Spalling and exfoliation of magnetite on internal surfaces - Corrosion defects
Spalling of the rail surface - Rail defects
Spalling or shelled tread - Rail defects
Spalls - Bearing defects
Spangled coatings - Coating defects
Spatter - Welding - Coating defects
Spatter - Welding defects
Spatter - Welding defects
Spatter - Welding defects
Spatter - Welding defects
Speckling - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Spike-heading dies - Tool steels - Fractography
Spills - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Spinner - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Spinning and deep drawing defects - Other defects
Spiral grooves cut into internal surface of flue-gas cooler by erosive gas flow - Corrosion defects
Spiral weld cracking - Pipeline defects
Spirals, diagonal marks - Machining defects
Splash - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Splash - Ingot defects
Splashing defect - Coating defects
Spline wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Split end - Rolling defects
Split end - Rolling defects
Split ends - Hot rolling defects
Split layer - Rolling defects
Split strip edges - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Split strip edges - Rolling defects
Split web - Rail defects
Spongy edge - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Spongy surface - Hot rolling defects
Spongy surface - Slab defects
Spongy top - Ingot defects
Spotty chromating - Powder coating - Coating defects
Spray dust - Coating defects
Spreader marks - Heat treatment defects
Squat - Rail defects
Squat - Rail defects
Squats - Rail defects
Squats - Rail defects
Squats - Rail defects
Stain - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Stain - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Stain - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Staining - Coating defects
Staining - Polishing defects
Stains caused by weeping - Coating defects
Stamping ink (untreated) - Powder coating - Coating defects
Standard wheel terminology - Rail defects
Star crack - Rolling defects
Star crack - Slab defects
Star cracks - Slab defects
Star cracks - Slab defects
Star fractures - Slab defects
Star-cracking - Rail defects
Steam cutting from adjacent tube failures - Corrosion defects
Steam cutting of utility convection tubes - Corrosion defects
Steaming - Corrosion defects
Steckel mill scale - Rolling defect
Steel cage with cracks ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Steel ingots on the thermogram - Ingot defects
Steel pit - Rolling defects
Steel tempering colours for carbon steel - Other defects
Steep flanges - Rail defects
Stepped wear on the outside surface and pocket surface of a machined high-tension brass cage - Bearing defects
Stepped wear on the roller head and face - Bearing defects
Sticker - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Sticker break - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Sticker break - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Sticker breaks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Sticker breaks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Sticky scale - Rolling defects
Stone impacts - Coating defects
Stonechip - Paint defects - Coating defects
Stop page marks - Rolling defects
Stoppage marks - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Stray arcing - Welding - Coating defects
Streaks - Coating defects
Strecher-strains in cold formed carbon steel sheet range component - Drawing defects
Stress corrosion cracking - Turbine blade - Fractography
Stress corrosion cracking at a screw - 1.4404 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack - 1.8519 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack after the roll cooling - 1.2550 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack after the rolling - 1.2357 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack at a helical spring - 1.8159 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack at the wire - 1.7707 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack in a nitrided component - 1.8507 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress crack on the rod wire - 1.8523 steel - Cold drawing defects
Stress cracking - Coating defects
Stress cracks and thermal fatigue cracks - Tool steel defects
Stress-corrosion cracking - Corrosion defects
Stretcher - Temper mill - Rolling defects
Stretcher strain - Heat treatment defects
Stretcher strains - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Stretcher strains - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Stretcher strains - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Striations - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Striations/ fish boning - Coating defects
Stricker mark - Heat treatment defects
Strip folds - Rolling defects
Striped pattern of corrosion occurs on the raceway surface - Bearing defects
Striped pattern of corrosion occurs on the rolling surface - Bearing defects
Striping/banding - Paint defects - Coating defects
Stripping defect - Casting defects
Strong corrosion at chain links - 1.4571 steel - Cold drawing defects
Strong decarburization at a billet corner - Heat treatment defects
Strong grain boundary oxidation - 1.2201 steel - Cold drawing defects
Strong pickling attack - 1.4105 steel - Cold drawing defects
Strong pickling attack with grain boundary attack - 1.4567 steel - Cold drawing defects
Strong surface decarburization - Heat treatment defects
Structural shear blade - Tool steels - Fractography
Stuck shot - Casting defects
Stuff happens - Hard chrome plating - Coating defects
Sub surface fatigue - Rail defects
Sub-surface initiated spalling - Bearing defects
Sub-surface shrinkage - Casting defects
Subcutaneous blowholes - Ingot defects
Submerged arc welding - Welding defects
Substrate scratches - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Subsurface initiated bending fatigue - Gear defects - Other defects
Subsurface initiated fatigue - Bearing defects
Subsurface origin failure - Gear defects - Other defects
Sulfide-type inclusion - Rolling defects
Sulphidation - Corrosion defects
Sulphur print of 5t ingot - Ingot defects
Sulphur print of tyre section showing a bad patch of ingot scum - Rail defects
Support roller imprints - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Support roller imprints - Rolling defects
Surface - Ingot defects
Surface appearance of piping porosity - Welding defects
Surface assessment by roughness parameters - Polishing defects
Surface blotch - Rolling defects
Surface blowholes - Mould - Casting defects
Surface bumps - Gear defects - Other defects
Surface bursts at a tensile test - 1.7131 steel - Cold drawing defects
Surface comparison - Polishing defects
Surface conditions - Water jetting - Coating defects
Surface contaminant - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Surface cooling cracks - Tool steels - Heat treatment defects
Surface corrosion "rust" - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Surface crack - Drawing defects
Surface crack of continuous casted slab - Rolling defects
Surface cracking - Forging defects
Surface cracking - Slab defects
Surface cracks - Forging defects
Surface cracks - Slab defects
Surface cracks - Slab defects
Surface cracks and blowholes - Rolling defects
Surface cracks at the drawing - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Surface cracks on continuously cast slabs - Austenitic stainless steel - Slab defects
Surface cracks on continuously cast slabs - Slab defects
Surface decarburisation - Wire rod defects - Drawing defects
Surface defect - Drawing defects
Surface defect caused by a foreign body - Powder coating - Coating defects
Surface defect evolution in hot rolling - Rolling defects
Surface defect types in stainless steel - Rolling defects
Surface defect lack of material - Rolling defects
Surface defects - Causes - Slab defects
Surface defects - Other defects
Surface defects - Rail defects
Surface defects - Slab defect
Surface defects - Slab defects
Surface defects during laser polishing of tool steel - Polishing defects
Surface defects in a strip after hot rolling - Drawing defects
Surface defects in continuously cast products - Slab defects
Surface defects of hot rolled steel plates - Rolling defects
Surface discoloration - Machining defects
Surface distress - Bearing defects
Surface distress = micro-scale spalling-early stage of surface initiated spalling - Bearing defects
Surface fatigue cracks - Forging defects
Surface flaw on drawn wire - Drawing defects
Surface folds, gas runs - International classification of common casting defects - Casting defects
Surface gauge corner head cracks - Rail defects
Surface inclusion defects - Rolling defects
Surface initiated spalling - Bearing defects
Surface lamination on disc brake - Casting defects
Surface laps - Rolling defects
Surface layer - Slab defects
Surface marks due to broken rolling stands - Rolling defects
Surface mottling (pits) - Forging defects
Surface near slag - 1.4301 steel - Cold drawing defects
Surface of a hard chrome coating - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Surface of billets with and without EMC - Slab defects
Surface or subsurface blowholes - International classification of common casting defects - Casting defects
Surface origin failure - Gear defects - Other defects
Surface oxidation - Welding defects
Surface pinholes - International classification of common casting defects - Casting defects
Surface pitting - Casting defects
Surface pockmarking on steel casting - Casting defects
Surface porosity - Welding - Coating defects
Surface porosity - Welding defects
Surface roughness - Mould - Casting defects
Surface roughness after grinding and after using diamond paste on nylon cloth - Polishing defects
Surface roughness after grinding and polishing - Polishing defects
Surface scratch - Drawing defects
Surface scratches - Drawing defects
Surface spalling of the rail surface caused by wheelburn - Rail defects
Surface wrinkle defect of carbon steel - Rolling defects
Surface wrinkles in oil pan which leaked - Casting defects
Surface wrinkles on pully hub - Casting defects
Surface wrinkling - Casting defects
Surface wrinkling on lost foam truck transmission part - Casting defects
Surface-breaking defects - Rail defects
Swealed - Hot rolling defects
Sweat-cinder not removed - Powder coating - Coating defects
TTC - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Tackiness - Coating defects
Tear - Casting defects
Tear - Casting defects
Tear - Casting defects
Tearing - Other defects
Tears or laps - ESR ingot defects
Teeming lap - Ingot defects
Teeming lap - Ingot defects
Telehandler accident - Fractography
Telescopic front fork - Fractography
Temper colors of 0.95% carbon steel - Other defects
Temporary brake block overhang - Rail defects
Temporary brake block overhang - Rail defects
Tension cracks - ESR ingot defects
Tension cracks I - Ingot defects
Tensions & hot crack forming during bending & unbending - Slab defects
Tensions cracks II - Ingot defects
Terminology used for planes in rails - Rail defects
Tertiary scales due to roll roughness(salt & pepper/banded type) - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
The back up roll marks - Rolling defects
The defect on the inner race - Bearing defects
The defect on the outer race - Bearing defects
The edge is fleshy and short of meat - Rolling defects
The formation of grooves and craters due to the passage of electric current - Bearing defects
The internals defects - Pipeline defects
The massive rupture of the wall tube - Corrosion defects
The metal loss, peeling - Pipeline defects
The pipe manufacturing defect - Pipeline defects
The plastic flow due to overheating - Gear defects - Other defects
The reddish color of the iron oxides and the presence of tubercles capping iron oxide-filled pits - Corrosion defects
The spalling crater is local! - Bearing defects
The thick-walled rupture - Corrosion defects
Thermal cracking - Bearing defects
Thermal cracking - Rail defects
Thermal cracks - Rail defects
Thermal cracks and spalling - Rail defects
Thermal cracks occur at large end face of roller - Bearing defects
Thermal cracks occur on the outer ring side face - Bearing defects
Thermal defect - Casting defects
Thermal expansion corner cracking - Slab defects
Thermal fatigue cracking - Tool steel defects
Thermal fatigue cracks - Roll defects
Thermal fatigue cracks in new die steels - Fractography
Thermal oxidation (metal burning) - Corrosion defects
Thermal spray aluminum (99.5 percent) coating - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Thermal stresses aid oxide spalling - Corrosion defects
Thermal-fatigue cracks on internal surface - Corrosion defects
Thermal-induced cracks - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Thick bright chromium plate - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Thick, irregular mound of hard iron oxides covering perforation - Corrosion defects
Thick-walled burst resulting from hydrogen damage - Corrosion defects
Thick-walled rupture in a reheater tube. Note fissures on external surface aligned with the rupture - Corrosion defects
Thin flanges - Rail defects
Thread chaser - Tool steels - Fractography
Thread pattern - Machining defects
Three piece can bodies - Soldered side seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Three piece can bodies - Welded side seam - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Through-hardened ring gear wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Tiger skin surface defect on an IC work roll - Rolling defects
Tight fits - Bearing defects
Tight fits - Bearing defects
Tight fits - Bearing defects
Tightly adherent lumps of zinc on the inside of heavy walled steel piping - Coating defects
Tip and root interference - Gear defects - Other defects
Titan stripe - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Tong mark defect - Rolling defects
Too thick powder cloud - Powder coating - Coating defects
Tooth bending failure from inclusions - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth breakage - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth fracture (low cycle fatigue) - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth fracture (root fillet fatigue) - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth fracture from bearing failure - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth surface destroyed by extensive pitting I - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth surface destroyed by extensive pitting II - Gear defects - Other defects
Tooth tip chipping - Gear defects - Other defects
Torch heated to bend - Forging defects
Torn at the drawing - 1.4305 steel - Cold drawing defects
Torsional engine vibration could cause worn clutching teeth - Gear defects - Other defects
Total bearing lockup - Bearing defects
Totally cracked die - Tool steel defects
Touch marks - Coating defects
Touch marks - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Touch marks - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Tramlines - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Transgranular and intergranular crack propagation - Fractography
Transversal cracks - Slab defects
Transversal shell stripes - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Transverse corner cracks - Slab defects
Transverse corner cracks - Slab defects
Transverse crack - Rolling defects
Transverse crack - Slab defects
Transverse crack resulting from caustic stress corrosion in a bent stainless steel superheater tube - Corrosion defects
Transverse crack, oscillation marks - Slab defects
Transverse crack, star crack - Slab defects
Transverse cracking - Rail defects
Transverse cracking - Slab defects
Transverse cracks - ESR ingot defects
Transverse cracks - Hot rolled flat steel products - Rolling defects
Transverse cracks - Ingot defects
Transverse cracks - Rolling defects
Transverse cracks - Rolling defects
Transverse cracks - Rolling defects
Transverse cracks - Slab defects
Transverse cracks - Slab defects
Transverse cracks - Slab defects
Transverse cracks - Slab defects
Transverse cracks - Slab defects
Transverse cracks and associated oxygen pits - Corrosion defects
Transverse cracks/Hanger cracks - Ingot defects
Transverse cross section - Rail defects
Transverse depression - Slab defects
Transverse depression defects - Slab defects
Transverse depressions - Slab defects
Transverse fissures at and near stud bases - Corrosion defects
Transverse scoring - Ingot defects
Transverse undulations - Cold rolled uncoated sheet - Rolling defects
Transverse undulations/chatter marks - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Transverse undulations/chatter marks - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Trapped casting flux/sand marks - Ingot defects
True brinell (denting) - Bearing defects
True brinelling - Bearing defects
True brinelling - Bearing defects
True brinelling - Bearing defects
True brinelling - Bearing defects
True brinelling - Bearing defects
True vs. false brinelling - Bearing defects
Tube rupture after severe metal loss by chelant corrosion - Corrosion defects
Tube sections virtually plugged with deposits - Corrosion defects
Tubeworms - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Tunicate - Marine fouling - Coating defects
Turned back corner - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Turned back lap - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Two piece can bodies - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Two types of rolling contact fatigue - Bearing defects
Two views of an AISI S1 tool steel cutter die that cracked and spoiled after regrinding - Machining defects - Fractography
Typical spangled hot dip galvanizing coating - Coating defects
Typical cracks observed on the rolled blooms - Rolling defects
Typical die failures - Tool steel defects
Typical fatigue effect - Bearing defects
Typical gear tooth contact patterns and gear tooth failure nomenclature - Gear defects - Other defects
Typical surface line defect on automotive panel - Rolling defects
Typical wear damage - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Tyre showing rolled-in scrap in the snip - Rail defects
Tyres showing cracked back - Rail defects
Unacceptable tearing off of material - Bearing defects
Unacceptable weld profiles - Welding defects
Unacceptable weld profiles - Welding defects
Uncoated areas - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Uncoated spot - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Uncoated surfaces caused by steel surface contaminants or entrapped air - Coating defects
Under pickled - Rolling defects
Under pickling - Cold rolling defects
Undercut - Welding - Coating defects
Undercut - Welding defects
Undercut - Welding defects
Undercut - Welding defects
Undercuting - Coating defects
Undercutting - Coating defects
Underfill - Welding defects
Underfill - Welding defects
Underfilled - Hot rolling defects
Underfilling - Bearing defects
Underside of corroded composite bridge deck - Corrosion defects
Uneven drainage - Coating defects
Uneven surface appearance - Drawing defects
Uneven surface caused by poor zinc coating - Powder coating - Coating defects
Ungalvanized area in the vicinity of a weld - Coating defects
Ungalvanized surfaces caused by scale or sand - Coating defects
Unsuccessful weld repair of the die - Tool steels - Fractography
Unusual shelling failure - Rail defects
Use conventional fixing methods such as bolts and nuts - Coating defects
Utility superheater tube cut by steam leaking from an adjacent tube that failed at a manufacturing defect - Corrosion defects
V-Cracks - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
V-Shape - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
V-groove defect - Rolling defects
Valve body crack - Casting defects
Variation in electromagnetic coupling - Heat treatment defects
Various defects - Machining defects
Various holes - Heat treatment defects
Various holes - Heat treatment defects
Varying surface finish on a single surface - Machining defects
Vee - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Veining - Casting defects
Veining, swells, penetration defect - Casting defects
Veins defect - Casting defects
Vertical crack - Slab defects
Vertical split head - Rail defects
Very strong surface decarburization - Heat treatment defects
Vibration I - Gear defects - Other defects
Vibration II - Gear defects - Other defects
Vibration corrosion - false brinelling - Bearing defects
Vibration damage - Bearing defects
Visible cracks on the surface - Rail defects
WEL bands - Rail defects
WEL patches - Rail defects
Warpage - Casting defects
Warping - Rolling defects
Washout/erosion - Casting defects
Water contamination - Bearing defects
Water contamination - Bearing defects
Water marking and spotting - Coating defects
Water pipeline failure - Corrosion defects
Water spotting - Coating defects
Water spotting - Paint defects - Coating defects
Water stains - Bearing defects
Waves - Rolling defects
Wavey tooth wear - Gear defects - Other defects
Waviness - Cold rolling defects
Waviness - Polishing defects
Wavy head or tail of a plate - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Wax drip - Casting defects
Wear - Bearing defects
Wear - Bearing defects
Wear - Bearing defects
Wear - Rail defects
Wear - Tool steel defects
Wear I - Fractography
Wear II - Fractography
Wear caused by abrasive particles - Bearing defects
Wear caused by inadequate lubrication - Bearing defects
Wear caused by vibration - Bearing defects
Wear caused by vibration / false brinelling ? Unacceptable - Bearing defects
Wear defects - Tool steel defects
Wear defects - Tool steel defects
Wear having a wavy or concave-and-convex texture on loaded side of raceway surface - Bearing defects
Wear of a casting roll (Premature inter-bead corrosion) - Roll defects
Wear of die forging and surface fatigue cracks - Forging defects
Wear pads - Gear defects - Other defects
Wear tracks - Hard Cr coating - Coating defects
Wear - Abrasive contamination - Bearing defects
Wear - Acceptable - Bearing defects
Wear - Grooving - Bearing defects
Wear - Pitting and bruising - Bearing defects
Wear - Unacceptable highly polished surface - Bearing defects
Wear - Unacceptable peeling/microspalling - Bearing defects
Wear, chipping, plastic deformation, cracking/total failure, galling - Tool steel defects
Weeping weld - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Weld - Electrolytic galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Weld - Stainless steel strip - Rolling defects
Weld defects - Pipeline defects
Weld failure - Rolling defects
Weld failure on a loader boom arm - Fractography
Weld failure on a telescopic handler - Fractography
Weld joint - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Weld mark - Rolling defects
Weld overlay showing signs of two-body wear - Fractography
Weld repairs of wheel skids - Rail defects
Weld spatter - Coating defects
Weld spatter - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Weld spatter - Welding defects
Weld spots - Rail defects
Welding - Gear defects - Other defects
Welding blowout - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Welding blowouts - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Welding repair marks - Casting defects
Welding spatter - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Wet storage stain - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Wet storage stain - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Wet storage stains and white rust - Coating defects
Wheel and rail surface condition after fatigue test - Rail defects
Wheel burn - Rail defects
Wheel burn defect - Rail defects
Wheel tread profile remachining - Rail defects
Wheels damaged in transit - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
Wheels damaged through improper cleaning - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
White and dark layers induced by hard turning - Machining defects
White etch area take-Aways - Bearing defects
White etch areas - TEM I - Bearing defects
White etch areas - TEM II - Bearing defects
White etch cracking - Bearing defects
White layer formed at a hard turned surface of 52100 steel - Machining defects
White rust - Hot dip galvanizing - Coating defects
White rust - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
White rust - Surface defects on hot-dip metal coated steel sheet - Coating defects
White specks defect - Hard chrome coating - Coating defects
White spot - Rolling defects
Wiped - Bearing defects
Wiped - Bearing defects
Wood grain - Rolling defects
Worm gear (pitting) - Gear defects - Other defects
Worm wheel tooth fracture - Gear defects - Other defects
Worn R200 rail - Rail defects
Worn R350HT rail - Rail defects
Worn R350HT rail - Rail defects
Worn R350HT rail - Rail defects
Worn gear locks on the clutch gear can lead to gear jumping - Gear defects - Other defects
Worn low rail profile - Rail defects
Worn shaft gearlocks can lead to gear jumping. - Gear defects - Other defects
Worn surface - Tool steel defects
Wrinkled curl - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Wrinkled flange - Metal can defects - Coating defects
Wrinkles on automotive brake caliper - Casting defects
Wrinkling - Coating defects
Wrinkling - Coating defects
Wrinkling - Coating defects
Wrinkling - Coating defects
Wrinkling defect - Other defects
Wrinkling defects - Casting defects
Wrinkling, earring, fracture, tearing - Drawing defects
Wrinkling, rippling, lifting - Paint defects - Coating defects
Yellowing in the interior caused by UV-light - Powder coating - Coating defects
Z-cracking - Heavy plate defects - Rolling defects
Zebra pattern mark - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Zig zag wraping - Hot rolled products - Rolling defects
Zinc TSMC, chamfered edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Zinc TSMC, flat edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Zinc TSMC, rounded edge - Thermally sprayed metal coatings - Coating defects
Zinc carbonates - Coating defects
Zinc dendrites - Surface defects on electrolytically coated steel sheet - Coating defects
Zinc metal sprayed repair - Coating defects
Zinc pot fault - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Zinc skimmings - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Zinc splash - Hot-dip galvanizing line - Rolling defects
Zinc splatter - Coating defects
Zinc splatter - Hot-dip galvanized coating - Coating defects
Zn coating I - Coating defects
Zn coating II - Coating defects

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